Dvojezičnost in jezikovno izobraževanje za izboljšanje kognitivnega zdravja starejših ljudi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4312/as/9577Ključne besede:
izvršilne funkcije, dvojezičnost, jezikovno izobraževanje, možganska kap, starejši ljudjePovzetek
V članku raziskujemo, ali lahko vseživljenjsko dvojezičnost povezujemo z zamikom starostnega pešanja kognitivnih sposobnosti in kognitivno rezervo kot mehanizmom, ki pozitivno vpliva na možganske zmogljivosti pri starejših ljudeh. Pregled novejših psiho- in nevrolingvističnih študij kaže, da pri starejših dvojezičnih osebah prihaja do večletnega zamika pojava simptomov demence v primerjavi z enojezičnimi osebami ter da obstajajo pozitivni učinki dvojezičnih možganskih mrež, prav tako povezani z drugimi nevrodegenerativnimi boleznimi. Na tem področju manjka metodologija, vendar pa lahko vseživljenjsko dvojezičnost povezujemo tudi s kognitivno rezervo. Na tej podlagi lahko postavimo hipotezo, da k zdravemu staranju lahko pripomore tudi aktivna raba več jezikov, na podlagi tega pa razpravljamo o jezikovni izobrazbi za starejše ljudi, vlogi univerz za tretje življenjsko obdobje, izvajanju kritičnih vidikov tovrstnih tečajev ter ustrezni oceni učinkovitosti znanja jezikov in kognicije.
Prenosi
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