The threshold concentration for nitrate in groundwater as a habitat of Proteus anguinus

Authors

  • Boris Kolar National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Prvomajska ulica 1, SI-2000 Maribor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14720/ns.20.2.39-42

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References

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Camargo JA, Alonso A, Salamanca A. 2005. Nitrate toxicity to aquatic animals: A review with new data for freshwater invertebrates. Chemosphere. 58: 1255-1267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.10.044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.10.044

LIFE13 NAT/SI/000314 [WWW Document]. http://life-kocevsko.eu

Johansson M, Räsänen K, Merilä J. 2001. Comparison of nitrate tolerance between different populations of the common frog, Rana temporaria. Aquatic Toxicology. 54(1-2): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(00)00182-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(00)00182-X

Laposata MM, Dunson WA. 1998. Effects of Boron and Nitrate on Hatching Success of Amphibian Eggs. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 35: 615-619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900423 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900423

Marco A, Quilchano C, Blaustein AR. 1999. Sensitivity to nitrate and nitrite in pond-breeding amphibians from the Pacific Northwest, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 18(12): 2836-2839. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181225

Mezga K. 2014. Natural Hydrochemical Background and Dynamics of Groundwater in Slovenia: dissertation. Nova Gorica: University of Nova Gorica Graduate School.

Rouse JD, Bishop CA, Struger J. 1999. Nitrogen pollution: An assessment of its threat to amphibian survival. Environmental Health Perspectives. 107(10): 799-803. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.99107799 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.99107799

Schuytema GS, Nebeker AV. 1999a. Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and African clawed frog embryos. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 36: 200-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900461 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900461

Schuytema GS, Nebeker AV. 1999b. Comparative toxicity of ammonium and nitrate compounds to Pacific treefrog and African clawed frog tadpoles. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 18(10): 2251-2257. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181019

Schuytema GS, Nebeker AV. 1999c. Effects of Ammonium Nitrate, Sodium Nitrate, and Urea on Red-Legged Frogs, Pacific Treefrogs, and African Clawed Frogs. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 63(3): 357-364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001289900988 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001289900988

Sullivan KB, Spence K. 2003. Effects of sublethal concentrations of atrazine and nitrate on metamorphosis of the african clawed frog. Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 22: 627-635. https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(2003)022%3C0627:EOSCOA%3E2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620220323

The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. 2006. DIRECTIVE 2006/118/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 12 December 2006 on the protection of groundwater against pollution and deterioration. Official Journal of the European Communities. L 372: 1-18.

van Vlaardingen PLA, Traas TP, Wintersen AM, Aldenberg T. 2014. ETX 2.1. Normal Distribution based Hazardous Concentration and Fraction Affected. Bilthoven: National Institute of Public Health and environment.

[WHO] World Health Organization. 2011. Nitrate and nitrite in drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. 37(4): 227-231.

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30.12.2018

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How to Cite

Kolar, B. (2018). The threshold concentration for nitrate in groundwater as a habitat of Proteus anguinus. Natura Sloveniae, 20(2), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.14720/ns.20.2.39-42