Arhitektura učbenikov angleščine
Notranja organiziranost učbeniških enot
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.13.383-407Ključne besede:
učna gradiva za pouk angleščine, vrednotenje učbenikov, proces ustvarjanja učbenikov, formati učnih enot, didaktični pristopi v učbenikihPovzetek
Pričujoči članek poskuša izoblikovati na procesu snovanja učbenikov temelječ pristop k vrednotenju učbenikov s posebnim poudarkom na notranji organiziranosti učnih enot, in sicer na dveh ravneh – v okviru posamezne učne enote in med njimi. Prepričani smo, da proučevanje učbenikov z vidika snovalca gradiv dodatno osvetljuje proces vrednotenja učbenikov. Na procesu snovanja učbenikov temelječ pristop k vrednotenju učbenikov, predlagan v članku, močno presega hitre in pogosto površne metode vrednotenja, ki temeljijo na spisku kriterijev in s katerimi si učitelji navadno pomagajo pri izbiri učbenikov. Povedano drugače, na procesu snovanja učbenikov temelječ pristop k vrednotenju učbenikov učiteljem omogoča vpogled v ‘arhitekturo’ učbenikov. Na tem ‘potovanju v središče učbenikov angleščine’ poskušamo osvetliti, kako so tujejezikovna učna gradiva reševala enigmo razgibanega in spremenljivega združevanja vsebine (Kaj) in pedagogike/načina poučevanja (Kako).
Pri predstavitvi procesa snovanja učbenikov izhajamo iz predpostavke, da je vedno obstajala široka teoretična in pedagoška podlaga, ki lahko zaznamuje vsebino in ustroj učbenikov angleščine in na katero se avtorji učbenikov lahko sklicujejo. Prispevek v nadaljevanju obravnava tri stopnje procesa ustvarjanja učbenikov, pri čemer je posebna pozornost posvečena podrobni analizi kompleksnega vprašanja zgradbe učne enote na dveh ravneh – znotraj enote in med njimi. Posvečamo se različnim formatom zgradbe učne enote, njenim sestavnim delom, načinom zagotavljanja koherence skozi enoto in didaktičnim pristopom, na katerih enota temelji. Zadnja postavka vodi k zaključku, da današnja gradiva za pouk angleščine nastajajo kot odziv na ocenjene tržne potrebe, ki so pogosto v neskladju z najnovejšimi spoznanji na področju poučevanja angleščine.
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