Jutuber, Jutjuber or Yutjuber: Adapted Forms of English Loanwords in the Written Production of Croatian University-Level Learners

Eva Pavlinušić Vilus; Jasmina Jelčić Čolakovac; Irena Bogunović; Bojana Ćoso

doi:10.4312/vestnik.15.79-97

Authors

Eva Pavlinušić Vilus University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies, Croatia
Jasmina Jelčić Čolakovac University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies, Croatia
Irena Bogunović University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies, Croatia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-7014
Bojana Ćoso ISPP Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4242-0922

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.15.79-97

Keywords:

English loanwords, word adaptation, language production, lexical borrowing, Croatian

Abstract

New concepts are constantly being borrowed across languages. The influence of one language on another can occur on all linguistic levels, with lexis being the most sensitive. Croatian has become most receptive to borrowing from English, and the influence of English on Croatian has been documented in different functional styles. The prestigious status of English, which reduces the likelihood that a borrowed element will adapt to the rules of the recipient language, is one of the reasons why English has become an inexhaustible source of new words for Croatian learners. The aim of the present study is to investigate the use of adapted forms of English loanwords in Croatian, with particular attention to the type and degree of their adaptation. Due to the differences between the phonemic systems of the two languages, it was expected that the Croatian learners would show diversity in their responses regarding loanword adaptation. A translation task with the 392 most frequently used unadapted English loanwords in Croatian was given to 116 undergraduate students at the Faculty of Maritime Studies. The data showed that the participants preferred the unadapted forms to the adapted forms of English. They were also more inclined to orthographically adapt a loanword, than to adapt it both orthographically and morphologically. The differences observed in orthographic adaptation reflect the underlying differences in the phonemic systems of the two languages. Overall, the results suggest that the unadapted forms of English words have become established in Croatian and are a preferred lexical choice among younger L1 speakers of Croatian.

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