Intercropping induces physiological and morphological plasticity in oilseed rape and barley under drought stress
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.3.2399Keywords:
drought stress, intercropping, osmotic adjustment, photosynthesis rate, , transpiration, water use efficiencyAbstract
Intercropping is an agricultural practice that can improve crop yield due to better availability of resources, including water. There are few studies, however, addressing the physiological mechanisms behind this phenomenon. In this work oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were cultivated either as monocrop (MC) or intercrop (IC) under well-watered (WW) or drought stress (DS) conditions in a growth chamber. After eight weeks DS, the leaf relative water content was higher in the IC compared with the MC plants in both species and the DS-induced senescence of old leaves was considerably postponed in oilseed rape. Intercropped oilseed rape showed elevated levels of leaf photosynthesis rate, superior accumulation of organic osmolytes but higher water loss compared with the MC counterparts under DS conditions. In barley, less transpiration, an increased root : shoot ratio and osmolyte accumulation was observed in the IC compared with MC plants under DS conditions. The water use efficiency was higher in the IC compared to MC barley and the plants yield was higher in the IC than in the MC oilseed rape. Our data showed that intercropping is a reliable practice for cultivation of both species under arid and semi-arid regions or under rainfed conditions.
References
Brooker, R. W., Bennett, A. E., Cong, W. F., Daniell, T. J., George, T. S., Hallett, P. D., Hawes, C., Iannetta, P. P., Jones, H. G., Karley, A. J., & Li, L. (2015). Improving intercropping: a synthesis of research in agronomy, plant physiology and ecology. New Phytologist, 206(1), 107‒117. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13132
Chastain, D.R., Snider, J.L., Choinski, J.S., Collins, G.D., Perry, C.D., Whitaker, J., Grey, T.L., Sorensen, R. B., van Iersel, M., Byrd, S.A., & Porter, W. (2016). Leaf ontogeny strongly influences photosynthetic tolerance to drought and high temperature in Gossypium hirsutum. Journal of Plant Physiology, 199, 18‒28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2016.05.003
Chaves, M. M., Flexas, J., & Pinheiro, C. (2009). Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. Annals of Botany, 103, 551–560. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcn125
Chen, B. J., Hajiboland, R., Bahrami-Rad, S., Moradtalab, N., & Anten, N. P. (2019). Presence of belowground neighbors activates defense pathways at the expense of growth in tobacco plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 751. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00751
Cruz de Carvalho, M.H. (2008). Drought stress and reactive oxygen species: production, scavenging and signaling. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 3, 156–165. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.3.3.5536
Daneshnia, F., Amini, A., & Chaichi, M. R. 2015. Surfactant effect on forage yield and water use efficiency for berseem clover and basil in intercropping and limited irrigation treatments. Agricultural Water Management, 160, 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.06.024
Gao, Y., Duan, A., Sun, J., Li, F., Liu, Z., Liu, H., & Liu, Z. (2009). Crop coefficient and water-use efficiency of winter wheat/spring maize strip intercropping. Field Crops Research, 111, 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.007
Grema, A.K., & Hess, T.M. (1994). Water balance and water use of millet-cowpea intercrops in north east Nigeria. Agricultural Water Management, 26, 169–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3774(94)90056-6
Hajiboland, R., Norouzi, F., & Poschenrieder, C. (2014). Growth, physiological, biochemical and ionic responses of pistachio seedlings to mild and high salinity. Trees, 28, 1065–1078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-014-1018-x
Jan, S., Abbas, N., Ashraf, M., & Ahmad, P. (2019). Roles of potential plant hormones and transcription factors in controlling leaf senescence and drought tolerance. Protoplasma, 256, 313–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-018-1310-5
Koch, G., Rolland, G., Dauzat, M., Bédiée, A., Baldazzi, V., Bertin, N., Guédon, Y., & Granier, C. (2019). Leaf production and expansion: a generalized response to drought stresses from cells to whole leaf biomass– a case study in the tomato compound leaf. Plants, 8, 409. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8100409
Kong, C. H., Zhang, S. Z., Li, Y. H., Xia, Z. C., Yang, X. F., Meiners, S. J., & Wang, P. (2018). Plant neighbor detection and allelochemical response are driven by root-secreted signaling chemicals. Nature Communications, 9, 3867. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06429-1
Krasensky, J., & Jonak, C. (2012). Drought, salt, and temperature stress-induced metabolic rearrangements and regulatory networks. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63, 1593–1608. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err460
Kumar, S., Kaushal, N., Nayyar, H., & Gaur, P. (2012). Abscisic acid induces heat tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seedlings by facilitated accumulation of osmoprotectants. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 34, 1651–1658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-012-0959-1
Lemoine, R., Camera, S. L., Atanassova, R., Dédaldéchamp, F., Allario, T., Pourtau, N., Bonnemain, J. L., Laloi, M., Coutos-Thévenot, P., Maurousset, L., Faucher, M., Girousse, C., Lemonnier, P., Parrilla, J., & Durand, M. (2013). Source-to-sink transport of sugar and regulation by environmental factors. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4, 272. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00272
Lugojan, C., & Ciulca, S. (2011). Evaluation of relative water content in winter wheat. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 15, 173–177.
Martin-Guay, M. O., Paquette, A., Dupras, J., & Rivest, D. (2018). The new green revolution: sustainable intensification of agriculture by intercropping. Science of the Total Environment, 615, 767–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.024
Mc Adam, S. A., Brodribb, T. J., & Ross, J. J. (2016). Shoot‐derived abscisic acid promotes root growth. Plant, Cell Environment, 39, 652–659. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12669
Mommer, L., Kirkegaard, J., & van Ruijven, J. (2016). Root–root interactions: towards a rhizosphere framework. Trends in Plant Science, 21, 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2016.01.009
Noctor, G., Mhamdi, A., & Foyer, C. H. (2014). The roles of reactive oxygen metabolism in drought: not so cut and dried. Plant Physiology, 164, 1636–1648. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.233478
Parida, A. K., Dagaonkar, V. S., Phalak, M.S., & Aurangabadkar, L. P. (2008). Differential responses of the enzymes involved in proline biosynthesis and degradation in drought tolerant and sensitive cotton genotypes during drought stress and recovery. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 5, 619–627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-008-0157-3
Rees, D. J. (1986). The effects of population density and intercropping with cowpea on the water use and growth of sorghum in semi-arid conditions in Botswana. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 37, 293–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(86)90067-5
Sadeghzadeh, N., Hajiboland, R., Moradtalab, N., Poschenrieder, C. 2021. Growth enhancement of Brassica napus under both deficient and adequate iron supply by intercropping with Hordeum vulgare: a hydroponic study. Plant Biosystems, 155, 632–646. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2020.1769215
Sánchez-Blanco, M. J., Alvarez, S., Ortuño, M. F., & Ruiz-Sánchez, M. C. (2014). Root system response to drought and salinity: root distribution and water transport. In: Morte, A. & Varma, A. (Eds.) Root Engineering (pp 325–352). Germany, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54276-3_15
Semchenko, M., Saar, S., & Lepik, A. (2014). Plant root exudates mediate neighbour recognition and trigger complex behavioural changes. New Phytologist, 204, 631–637. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12930
Shackel, K. A., & Hall, A. E. (1984). Effect of intercropping on the water relations of sorghum and cowpea. Field Crops Research, 8, 381–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(84)90085-6
Singh, M., Kumar, J., Singh, S., Singh, V. P., & Prasad, S. M. (2015). Roles of osmoprotectants in improving salinity and drought tolerance in plants: a review. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology, 14, 407–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-015-9372-8
Singh, S., Narwal, S. S., & Chander, J. (1988). Effect of irrigation and cropping systems on consumptive use, water use efficiency and moisture extraction patterns of summer fodders. International Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 6, 76–82.
Skirycz, A., & Inze, D. (2010). More from less: plant growth under limited water. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 21, 197–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2010.03.002
Szabados, L., & Savouré, A. (2009). Proline: a multifunctional amino acid. Trends in Plant Science, 15, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2009.11.009
Tambussi, E. A., Bort, J., & Araus, J. L. (2007). Water use efficiency in C3 cereals under Mediterranean conditions: a review of physiological aspects. Annals of Applied Biology, 150, 307–321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00143.x
Tardieu, F., Simonneau, T., & Muller, B. (2018). The physiological basis of drought tolerance in crop plants: a scenario-dependent probabilistic approach. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 69, 733–759. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040218
Tardieu, F., Granier, C., & Muller, B. (2011). Water deficit and growth. Coordinating processes without an orchestrator? Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 14, 283–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2011.02.002
Verbruggen, N., & Hermans, C., (2008). Proline accumulation in plants: a review. Amino Acids, 35, 753–759. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-008-0061-6
Xiong, H., Shen, H., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Guo, X., Wang, P., Duan, P., Ji, C., Zhong, L., Zhang, F., & Zuo, Y. (2013). Comparative proteomic analysis for assessment of the ecological significance of maize and peanut intercropping. Journal of Proteomics, 78, 447–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2012.10.013
Zuo, Y. (2013). Comparative proteomic analysis for assessment of the ecological significance of maize and peanut intercropping. Journal of Proteomics, 78, 447–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2012.10.013
Xue, Y., Xia, H., Christie, P., Zhang, Z., Li, L., & Tang, C. (2016). Crop acquisition of phosphorus, iron and zinc from soil in cereal/legume intercropping systems: a critical review. Annals of Botany, 117, 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcv182
Zhou, S., Duursma, R. A., Medlyn, B. E., Kelly, J. W. G., & Prentice, I. C. (2013). How should we model plant responses to drought? An analysis of stomatal and non-stomatal responses to water stress. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 182/183, 204–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.05.009
Zuo, Y., Li, X., Cao, Y., Zhang, F., & Christie, P. (2003). Iron nutrition of peanut enhanced by mixed cropping with maize: possible role of root morphology and rhizosphere microflora. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 26, 2093–2110. https://doi.org/10.1081/PLN-120024267
Zuo, Y., Liu, Y., Zhang, F., & Christie, P. (2004). A study on the improvement iron nutrition of peanut intercropping with maize on nitrogen fixation at early stages of growth of peanut on a calcareous soil. Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, 50, 1071–1078. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2004.10408576
Yemm, E. W., & Willis, A. J. (1954). The estimation of carbohydrates extracts by anthrone. Biochemistry Journal, 57, 508–514. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0570508
Fu, X., Wu, X., Zhou, X., Liu, S., Shen, Y., & Wu, F. (2015). Companion cropping with potato onion enhances the disease resistance of tomato against Verticillium dahliae. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 726. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00726
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Noushin SADEGHZADEH, Roghieh HAJIBOLAND, Charlotte POSCHENRIEDER
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.