Influences of seed age and storage conditions on germination ability of hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa)

Abstract

High germination ability is important characteristic of seeds. In the laboratory trials the germination velocity (i.e. germination energy) and final germination percentage of two and three years old seeds of hemp (Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa), stored either at room temperature (20 to 25 ^oC) or in the refrigerator (4 to 7 ^oC), have been tested according to the ISTA (International Seed Testing Association) methodology. Differences in germination energy and in final germination between hemp cultivars ('Novosadska konoplja','Unico-B', 'Juso 11', 'Bialobrzeskie' and 'Beniko') and between storage conditions have been noted. In comparison with average germination percentage of declared seed of five cultivars (96.1%), the average germination rates of seeds, stored for three years in the refrigerator and at room temperature were lower (65.0% and 46.4%, respectively). In order to conserve the germination ability of declared hemp seed, which is difficult to attain for longer period, hemp producers should hold the hemp seeds in refrigerator. The results of the study showed that the sixth and the twelfth day of germination trial were more appropriate for determinations of germination velocity and of final germination percentage of hemp seed than those officially prescribed, i.e. the third and the seventh day, when germination velocity and final germination could not be properly scored defined. Germination ability of fresh hemp seeds of above mentioned and of other available cultivars should be tested by accredited seed laboratory before the procedure for correction of official methodology is set up.