Seed composition, physical characteristics and mineral content of Sudanese landraces of pumpkin

Safaa Ahmed HASSAN; Mahdi SHAKAK; Abdalbasit MARIOD; Salma Elghali MUSTAFA

doi:10.14720/aas.2024.120.1.16382

Authors

Safaa Ahmed HASSAN Sudan University of Science & Technology, College of Agricultural Science, Department of Food Science & Technology, Khartoum North, Sudan
Mahdi SHAKAK Sudan University of Science & Technology, College of Agricultural Science, Department of Food Science & Technology, Khartoum North, Sudan
Abdalbasit MARIOD University of Jeddah, College of Science, Jeddah; Ghibaish College of Science and Technology, Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Centre, Ghibaish, Sudan
Salma Elghali MUSTAFA Sudan University of Science & Technology, College of Agricultural Science, Department of Food Science & Technology, Khartoum North, Sudan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2024.120.1.16382

Keywords:

landrace, North Kordofan, pumpkin seeds, South Kordofan

Abstract

The study examined 23 landrace pumpkin seed samples from six Sudanese states (South Kordofan (SK), North Kordofan (NK), Gazira (GZ), Gadarif (GF), White Nile (WN), and Blue Nile (BN)), focusing on their composition and physical characteristics. The results showed significant differences in oil percentages, with SK having the highest percentage. Protein content varied between 16.91 % and 26.13 % in NK. The proximate composition of pumpkin seeds also varied significantly. The study found a significant difference in fatty acids, with polyunsaturated fatty acids having 37.02 % and monounsaturated fatty acids having 27.50 %. The total unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 55.2 % to 70.2 %, while the total saturated fatty acids ranged from 29.45 % to 45.27 %. Seed length, width, and thickness varied, with WN having the highest kernel percentage (78.45 %). Several minerals were extracted from the seeds, with potassium being the most abundant element, ranging from 946 to 1100 mg 100 g^-1. Analysis revealed that the seeds contained a rich source of zinc (Zn), ranging from 8.4 mg 100 g^-1 to 16.21 mg 100 g^-1. The study concluded that Sudanese landrace pumpkin seeds are valuable for edible oil and protein fortification due to their high levels of oil, protein, and minerals.

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