The Degree of Damage Caused by the Sunflower Moth (Homoeosoma nebulellum Den. et Schiff.) to Different Sunflower Varieties

Béla SZABÓ; Edit Kosztyuné KRAJNYÁK; Tímea Makszim Györgyné NAGY; Katalin Irinyíné OLÁH; Andrea Györgyiné KOVÁCS; Péter MÁJER; Judit CSABAI

doi:10.14720/aas.2025.121.3.19706

Authors

Béla SZABÓ University of Nyíregyháza, Institute of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Department of AgriculturalSciences and Environmental Management, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Sóstói Str. 31/b
Edit Kosztyuné KRAJNYÁK University of Nyíregyháza, Institute of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Department of AgriculturalSciences and Environmental Management, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Sóstói Str. 31/b https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9735-8794
Tímea Makszim Györgyné NAGY University of Nyíregyháza, Institute of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Department of AgriculturalSciences and Environmental Management, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Sóstói Str. 31/b https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-6790
Katalin Irinyíné OLÁH University of Nyíregyháza, Institute of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Department of AgriculturalSciences and Environmental Management, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Sóstói Str. 31/b https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0416-7690
Andrea Györgyiné KOVÁCS University of Debrecen, IAREF, Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Westsik V. Str. 4-6 https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6539-4536
Péter MÁJER Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences Villányi u. 29-43., H-1118 Budapest, Hungary https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9270-0008
Judit CSABAI University of Nyíregyháza, Institute of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Department of AgriculturalSciences and Environmental Management, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Sóstói Str. 31/b https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-3399

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2025.121.3.19706

Keywords:

sunflower, sunflower moth, Homoeosoma nebulellum, swarming dynamics, achene damage

Abstract

The European sunflower moth (Homoeosoma nebulellum Den. et Schiff.) is one of the earliest documented pests of sunflower. The literature considers it a two-generation pest, but a third partial generation may appear depending on weather conditions. However, due to global warming, the emergence of a third generation is becoming more frequent and more complete in east-central Europe. In the years 2021-2022-2023, we observed the swarming dynamics of the pest. Our study compared the infection rates among the Kisvárdai breed, the widely cultivated confection hybrid, Jaguar, and the oil hybrid NK Neoma, which is extensively grown in the region. Our results show that the sunflower moth is now a three-generation species in east-central Europe, likely due to global warming. There is significant variation in susceptibility among the studied species. Varieties lacking a protective pericarp (like Kisvárdai) should be excluded from cultivation, and instead, resistant hybrids such as Jaguar and Neoma should be grown.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Cheng, Y., Sappington, T. W., Luo, L., Liu, C., Wang, Y., Liu, S., ... & Jiang, X. (2021). Key factors involved in reduction of damage to sunflower by the European sunflower moth in China through late planting. Plos one, 16(4), e0250209. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250209

EUROSTAT. (2024). Rape, turnip rape, sunflower seeds and soya by area. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tag00100/default/bar

Georgescu, E., Vasian, I., Toader, M., Cană, L., TÖTÖS, Ș. M., & Gorgan, M. (2022). New data concerning the evolution of the European sunflower moth (Homoeosoma nebulellum Den. & Schiff.) in sunflower crops in the south-east of Romania. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, 65(1), 334-341.

Hill, G. M., Kawahara, A. Y., Daniels, J. C., Bateman, C. C., & Scheffers, B. R. (2021). Climate change effects on animal ecology: butterflies and moths as a case study. Biological Reviews, 96(5), 2113-2126. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12746

Horváth, Z., & Bujáki, G. (1992). A Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) mint a napraforgómoly (Homoeosoma nebulellum Hb.) legfontosabb hazai parazitája. (Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as the most important parasite of the sunflower moth (Homoeosoma nebulellum Hb.).), Növényvédelem, 28(5-6), 196-200.

Horvath, Z., & Vecseri, C. (2005). A napraforgómoly (Homoeosoma nebulellum Hb.) elleni biológiai és genetikai védekezési módszerek. (Biological and genetic control methods against the sunflower moth (Homeosoma nebulellum Hb.).) 10. Tiszántúli Növényvédelmi Fórum. Debrecen, 417-424.

Hódiné, Sz. M. (2018). Leíró statisztika az SPSS-ben. In Hódiné, Sz. M., and Mikó, J. E. (Eds.), Kutatásmódszertani alapismeretek. Bevezetés az SPSS használatába. (Basic knowledge of research methodology. Introduction to using SPSS.) (pp. 60–78). Hungary, University of Szeged, Faculty of Agriculture.

Hunyadi, Gy., Mundruczó, Gy., Vita L. (2001): Statisztika. IV. kiadás (Statistics. Edition IV.). Budapest, Aula Kiadó.

Ismayilzade, N. N., Samedov, V. S., Kard, B., & Jones, C. L. (2015). Sunflower seed damage and economic injury level of the European sunflower moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Journal of Entomological Science, 50(2), 138-146. https://doi.org/10.18474/JES14-41.1

Kadocsa, G. (1947). A napraforgómoly és az ellene való védekezés. (The sunflower moth and its control.). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 2, 33-37.

Klisiewicz, J. M. (1979). Relation of infestation with sunflower moth Homoeosoma electellum larvae to the incidence of Rhizopus rot in sunflower seed heads. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 59(3), 797-801. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps79-122

Kosztyuné, K. E. (2021). A Nyírségben termesztett homoki növények (Sand plants grown in Nyírség.) In Cs.Tóth (Ed.): Őshonos-és Tájfajták – Ökotermékek – Egészséges táplálkozás – Vidékfejlesztés – Minőségi élelmiszerek – Egészséges környezet – Fenntartható vidéki gazdálkodás: Az agrártudományok és a vidékfejlesztés kihívásai a XXI. században. (The challenges of agricultural sciences and rural development in the 21st century.), (pp. 141-149). Hungary

Makszim Gy-né, N. T., (2019). Statisztika II. (Statistics II), (pp. 42–46). Hungary, University of Nyíregyháza. Retrieved from:https://mati.nye.hu/sites/mati.nye.hu/files/efop_nye_dual/gazd_ment/Makszim%20Gy%C3%B6rgyn%C3%A9%20dr.%20Nagy%20T._Statisztika%20II..pdf

Mondici, S., Şugar, I. R., & Giurgiulescu, L. (2023). Research on the tolerance of sunflower hybrids to the herbicides Challenge 600 sc and Viballa. “ Annals of the University of Craiova-Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series”, 53(1), 197-202. https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1461

Obádovics, J. Gy. (2009). Valószínűségszámítás és matematikai statisztika. Budapest, Scolar Kiadó.

Reichart, G. (1959). A napraforgó moly (Homoeosoma nebulellum Hb.) nevelésével kapcsolatos megfigyelések. (Observations related to raising the sunflower moth (Homoeosoma nebulellum Hb.).) Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 12, 497-510.

Sağlıker, H. A. (2009). Effects of trifluralin on soil carbon mineralization at different temperature conditions. European Journal of Soil Biology, 45(5-6), 473-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2009.06.005

Sağlıker, H. A., & Ozdal, N. K. (2021). How do imazamox additions affect carbon and nitrogen mineralization in sunflower soil?. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 232(12), 514. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05474-9

Sárkány, S. (1947). A napraforgó nemesítése és a fitomelán kérdés (Sunflower breeding and the phytomelan issue.) Agrártörténeti Szemle, 1, 97-101.

Seiler, G. J., Stafford, R. E., & Rogers, C. E. (1984). Prevalence of phytomelanin in pericarps of sunflower parental lines and wild species 1. Crop Science, 24(6), 1202-1204. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183X002400060045x

Szabó, B., Tóth, F., & Vágvölgyi, S. (2007). Injury of European sunflower moth (Homoeosoma nebulellum Denis et Schiffermüller). Scientific Bulletin Series C: Fascicle Mechanics, Tribology, Machine Manufacturing Technology, 21, 675.

Szabó, B., Tóth, F., & Vágvölgyi, S. (2008): A napraforgómoly (Homoeosoma nebulellum Den. et Schiff.) rajzásdinamikájának és a kártételének vizsgálata a Nyírségben. (Investigating the swarm dynamics and damage of the sunflower moth (Homoeosoma nebulellum Den. et Schiff.) in Nyírség.) Növényvédelem, 44(1), 34-38.

Sikora, D. M. (2017). Evaluation of host plant resistance against sunflower moth, Homoeosoma electellum (Hulst), in cultivated sunflower in western Nebraska.Dissertations and Student Research in Entomology, 50. Nebraska: University of Nebraska. Lincoln.https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12050440

Skendžić, S., Zovko, M., Živković, I. P., Lešić, V., & Lemić, D. (2021). The impact of climate change on agricultural insect pests. Insects, 12(5), 440. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12050440

Szarukán, I., Horváth, Z., Tóth, M., Szöcs, G., & Ujváry, I. (1996). A napraforgómoly (Homoeosoma nebulellum Den. et Schiff.) rajzáskövetése feromoncsapdával. (Monitoring the flight dynamics of the large Clouded Knot-Horn), Növényvédelem, 32(12), 601-604.

Uzonyi, F. (1942). A napraforgómoly. (The sunflower moth.) Köztelek 52(38), 857-858.

Yücel, C., & Çobanoğlu, S. (2016). The potential use of pheromone and bait traps for monitoring adult populations of the European sunflower moth, [Homoeosoma nebulellum (Den. & Schiff.)(Lep: Pyralidae)]. Plant Protection Bulletin, 56(1), 15-28.

Yücel, C., & Tülek, S. (2020). Determination of the infestation relationship between European sunflower moth and head rot disease on sunflower in Ankara province. Plant Protection Bulletin/Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 60(4), 85-90.