Bionomija in načini zatiranja japonskega hrošča (Popillia japonica Newman, Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Luka BATISTIČ; Stanislav TRDAN; Špela MODIC; Žiga LAZNIK

doi:10.14720/aas.2025.121.1.21409

Authors

Luka BATISTIČ Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za agronomijo, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana
Stanislav Trdan University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department
Špela MODIC Kmetijski inštitut Slovenije, Hacquetova 17, SI-1000 Ljubljana
Žiga LAZNIK Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za agronomijo, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2025.121.1.21409

Keywords:

Japanese beetle, invasive pest, polyphagous pest, biological control, chemical control, entomopathogenic nematodes, integrated pest management

Abstract

The Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman, 1841), which was first recorded in Slovenia in 2024, is an important invasive pest that can cause extensive damage in agriculture. Due to its ability to spread rapidly and feed on more than 300 plant species, it poses a serious threat in areas where it occurs and spreads, including Europe and the United States. Adults are harmful by skeletonizing the leaves, while white grubs, which are soil pests, eat the roots of grasses and field crops. This review paper presents the methods for controlling the Japanese beetle. Chemical methods are effective, but the pest can develop resistance to insecticides, and they are also harmful to non-target organisms. Biological control of this scarab beetle with parasitoids, entomopathogenic bacteria, fungi and nematodes has potential, but their effectiveness is not always satisfactory. Integrated strategies based on environmental adaptations and further research are needed for effective control of the Japanese beetle.

References

Ahmad, S., Ng, Y. (1981). Further evidence for chlorpyrifos tolerance and partial resistance by the Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 89, 34–39.

Andreadis, T. G. & Hanula, J. L. (1987). Ultrastructural study and description of Ovavesicula popilliae N.G., N.Sp. (Microsporida: Pleistophoridae) from the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The Journal of Protozoology, 34, 15–21.

Barrows, E. M. & Gordh, G. (1978). Sexual behavior in the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica, and comparative notes on sexual behavior of other scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Behavioral Biology, 23, 341–354.

Borgogno Mondino, E., Lessio, F., Bianchi, A., Ciampitti, M., Cavagna, B., & Alma, A. (2022). Modelling the spread of Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from a recently infested area. Entomologia Generalis, 42. https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2022/1370

Bragard, C., Dehnen-Schmutz, K., Di Serio, F., Gonthier, P., Jacques, M. A., Miret, J. A. J., Justesen, A. F., Magnusson, C. S., Milonas, P., Navas-Cortes, J. A., Parnells, S., Potting, R., Reignault, P. L., Thulke, H., van Der Werf, W., Civera, A. V., Yuen, J., Zappalà, L., Czwienczek, E. & Macleod, A. (2018). Pest categorisation of Popillia japonica. European Food Safety Authority Journal, 16, e05438

Brodeur, J., Doyon, J., Abram, P.K., & Parent, J.-P. (2024). Popillia japonica Newman, Japanese Beetle / Scarabée japonais (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). In: Mason, P.G., Gillespie, D.R. (Eds.), Biological Control Programmes in Canada (pp. 343–347). CABI. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781800623279.0037

Calderwood, L.B., Lewins, S.A., & Darby, H.M. (2015). Survey of northeastern hop arthropod pests and their natural enemies. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 6, 18.

Clausen, C.P., King, J.L., & Teranishi, C. (1927). The parasites of Popillia japonica in Japan and Chosen (Korea) and their introduction into the United States (Department Bulletin 1429). United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA

Dalthorp, D., Nyrop, J. & Villani, M. G. (2000). Spatial ecology of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 96, 129–139.

Doolittle, R.E., Tumlinson, J.H., Proveaux, A.T., & Heath, R.R. (1980). Synthesis of the sex pheromone of the Japanese beetle. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 6, 473–485.

Fleming, W. E. (1968). Biological control of the Japanese beetle. Technical Bulletin, 1383. Washington, DC, USA: United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service

Fleming, W. E. (1972). Biology of the Japanese beetle. Technical Bulletin, 1449. Washington, DC, USA: United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service

Fox, H. (1932). The Distribution of the Japanese Beetle in 1930 and 1931, With Special Reference to the Area of Continuous Infestation1. Journal of Economic Entomology, 25(2), 396–407. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/25.2.396

Frank, K.D. (2016). Establishment of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) in North America near Philadelphia a century ago. Entomological News, 126, 153–174.

Gagnon, M.-E., Doyon, J., Legault, S., Brodeur, J. (2023). The establishment of the association between the Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and the parasitoid Istocheta aldrichi (Diptera: Tachinidae) in Québec, Canada. The Canadian Entomologist, 155, e32.

Georgis, R., Koppenhöfer, A. M., Lacey, L. A., Bélair, G., Duncan, L. W., Grewal, P. S., Samish, M., Tan, L., Torr, P., van Tol, R. W. H. M. (2006). Successes and failures in the use of parasitic nematodes for pest control. Biological Control, 38(1), 103–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.11.005

Gordon, F.C., & Potter, D.A. (1985). Efficiency of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) traps in reducing defoliation of plants in the urban landscape and effect on larval density in turf. Journal of Economic Entomology, 78, 774–778.

Gordon, F.C., & Potter, D.A. (1986). Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) traps: evaluation of single and multiple arrangements for reducing defoliation in urban landscapes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 79, 1381–1384.

Gotta, P., Ciampitti, M., Cavagna, B., Bosio, G., Gilioli, G., Alma, A., Battisti, A., Mori, N., Mazza, G., Torrini, G., Paoli, F., Santoiemma, G., Simonetto, A., Lessio, F., Sperandio, G., Giacometto, E., Bianchi, A., Roversi, P. F., & Marianelli, L. (2023). Popillia japonica – Italian outbreak management. Frontiers in Insect Science, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2023.1175138

Graf, T., Scheibler, F., Niklaus, P.A., & Grabenweger, G. (2023). From lab to field: biological control of the Japanese beetle with entomopathogenic fungi. Frontiers in Insect Science, 3, 1138427. doi: 10.3389/finsc.2023.1138427

Grewal, S.K., Grewal, P.S., & Gaugler, R. (1995). Endophytes of fescue grasses enhance susceptibility of Popillia japonica larvae to an entomopathogenic nematode. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 74, 219–224.

Hadley, C. H. & Hawley, I. M. (1934). General information about the Japanese beetle in the United States. Circular, 332. Washington, DC, USA: United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service

Hamilton, D.W., Schwartz, P.H., & Townshend, B.G. (1970). Capture of bumble bees and honey bees in traps baited with lures to attract Japanese beetles. Journal of Economic Entomology, 63, 1442–1445.

Hamilton, D.W., Schwartz, P.H., Townshend, B.G., & Jester, C.W. (1971). Effect of color and design of traps on captures of Japanese beetles and bumblebees. Journal of Economic Entomology, 64, 430–432.

Hartley, S.E., & Gange, A.C. (2009). Impacts of plant symbiotic fungi on insect herbivores: mutualism in a multitrophic context. Annual Review of Entomology, 54, 323–342.

Klein, M. G. & McDonald, R. C. (2007). Recent IPM advances using Japanese beetle parasitoids. Entomological Society America Conference, San Diego, California, USA

Koppenhöfer, A. M. & Fuzy, E. M. (2007). Soil moisture effects on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, S. glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and H. bacteriophora. Applied Soil Ecology, 35, 128–139.

Koppenhöfer, A. M., Grewal, P. S. & Fuzy, E. M. (2006). Virulence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Heterorhabditis zealandica, Steinernema scarabaei against five white grub species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of economic importance in turfgrass in North America. Biological Control, 38, 397–404.

Lacey, L. A., Martins, A. & Ribeiro, C. (1994). The pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana for adults of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). European Journal of Entomology, 91, 313–319.

Ladd, T.L. Jr., Klein, M.G., & Tumlinson, J.H. (1981). Phenethyl propionate C eugenol C geraniol (3:7:3) and japonilure: a highly effective joint lure for Japanese beetles. Journal of Economic Entomology, 74, 665–667.

Ladd, T. L. Jr (1987). Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): influence of favored food plants on feeding response. Journal of Economic Entomology, 80, 1014–1017.

Ladd, T. L. Jr (1989). Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): feeding by adults on minor host and nonhost plants. Journal of Economic Entomology, 82, 1616–1619.

Ladd, T.L. Jr., & McGovern, T.P. (1980). Japanese beetle: a superior attractant, phenethyl propionate C eugenol C geraniol 3:7:3. Journal of Economic Entomology, 73, 689–691.

Langford, G.S., Crosthwait, S.L., & Whittington, F.B. (1940). The value of traps in Japanese beetle control. Journal of Economic Entomology, 33, 317–320.

Legault, S., Doyon, J., & Brodeur, J. (2024). Reliability of commercial traps to estimate population parameters of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and parasitism by Istocheta aldrichi. Journal of Pest Science, 97, 575–583.

Loughrin, J. H., Potter, D. A. & Hamilton-Kemp, T. R. (1995). Volatile compounds induced by herbivory act as aggregation kairomones for the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 21, 1457–1467.

Loughrin, J. H., Potter, D. A., Hamilton-Kemp, T. R. & Byers, M. E. (1996). Role of feeding-induced plant volatiles in aggregative behavior of the Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Environmental Entomology, 25, 1188–1191.

Marianelli, L., Paoli, F., Torrini, G., Mazza, G., Benvenuti, C., Binazzi, F., Sabbatini Peverieri, G., Bosio, G., Venanzio, D., Giacometto, E., Priori, S., Koppenhöfer, A. M. & Roversi, P. F. (2017). Entomopathogenic nematodes as potential biological control agents of Popillia japonica (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in Piedmont Region (Italy). Journal of Applied Entomology, 142, 311–318.

Marianelli, L., Paoli, F., Sabbatini Peverieri, G., Benvenuti, C., Barzanti, G.P., Bosio, G., Venanzio, D., Giacomett, E., & Roversi, P.F. (2019). Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets: a new integrated pest management approach for Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae). Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 15, 259–265.

Niemczyk, H.D., & Lawrence, K.O. (1973). Japanese beetle: evidence of resistance to cyclodiene insecticides in larvae and adults in Ohio. Journal of Economic Entomology, 66, 520–521.

Pettersson, M., Hagstrum, D., Smith, L., & Jones, T. (2002). Paenibacillus popilliae in controlling Popillia japonica. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 92(4), 582–590.

Piñero, J.C., & Dudenhoeffer, A.P. (2018). Mass trapping designs for organic control of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Pest Management Science, 74, 1687–1693.

Potter, D.A., Patterson, C.G., & Redmond, C.T. (1992). Influence of turfgrass species and tall fescue endophyte on feeding ecology of Japanese beetle and southern masked chafer grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 85, 900–909.

Potter, D.A., & Held, D.W. (2002). Biology and management of the Japanese beetle. Annual Review of Entomology, 47, 175–205.

Régnière, J., Rabb, R. L., & Stinner, R. E. (1979). Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): a mathematical model of oviposition in heterogeneous agroecosystems. The Canadian Entomologist, 111(11), 1271–1280. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent1111271-11

Renkema, J. M. & Parent, J.-P. (2021). Mulches used in highbush blueberry and entomopathogenic nematodes affect mortality rates of third-instar Popillia japonica. Insects, 12, 907.

Richmond, D.S., Grewal, P.S., & Cardina, J. (2004). Influence of Japanese beetle Popillia japonica larvae and fungal endophytes on competition between turfgrasses and dandelion. Crop Science, 44, 600–606.

Russin, J.S. (1989). Severity of soybean stem canker disease affected by insect-induced defoliation. Plant Disease, 73, 144.

Sara, S. A., McCallen, E. B. & Switzer, P. V. (2013). The spatial distribution of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica, in soybean fields. Faculty Research & Creative Activity, 13, 1–9.

Shanovich, H. N., Dean, A. N., Koch, R. L. & Hodgson, E. W. (2019). Biology and management of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in corn and soybean. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 10, 1–14.

Shanovich, H. N., Ribeiro, A. V. & Koch, R. L. (2021). Seasonal abundance, defoliation, and parasitism of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in two apple cultivars. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114, 811–817.

Shapiro-Ilan, D. I., Gouge, D. H., & Koppenhöfer, A. M. (2002). Biological control of insects with entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi. Journal of Nematology, 34(3), 245–252.

Simões, N., Laumond, C. & Bonifassi, E. (1993). Effectiveness of Steinernema spp. and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora against Popillia japonica in the Azores. Journal of Nematology, 25, 480–485.

Simonetto, A., Sperandio, G., Battisti, A., Mori, N., Ciampitti, M., Cavagna, B., ... & Gilioli, G. (2022). Exploring the main factors influencing habitat preference of Popillia japonica in an area of recent introduction. Ecological Informatics, 70, 101749.

Sipolski, S.J., Datson, S.W., Reding, M., Oliver, J.B., & Alm, S.R. (2019). Minimizing bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) bycatch in Japanese beetle traps. Environmental Entomology, 48, 1203–1213.

Steckel, S., Stewart, S.D., & Tindall, K.V. (2013). Effects of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and silk clipping in field corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106, 2048–2054.

Switzer, P.V., Enstrom, P.C., & Schoenick, C.A. (2009). Behavioral explanations underlying the lack of trap effectiveness for small-scale management of Japanese beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 102, 934–940.

Tanada, Y. & Kaya, H. K. (1993). Insect Pathology. Academic Press, San Diego, USA

Tumlinson, J.H., Klein, M.G., Doolittle, R.E., Ladd, T.L., & Proveaux, A.T. (1977). Identification of the female Japanese beetle sex pheromone: inhibition of male response by an enantiomer. Science, 197, 789–792.