Desuga ですが and the Spread of Voicing Feature in L2 Japanese
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.3.3.9-20Keywords:
phonology, [ voice] feature spread, Japanese, Slovene, second language learningAbstract
It has been observed that Slovene students of Japanese tend to pronounce formal verb suffix ~ます ~masu or formal copula です desu followed by a conjunctive particle が ga as […mazga…] and […dezga…]. Present acoustic experiment confirms these perceptional observations. The author discusses phonological processes of Japanese and Slovene, and discusses possible reasons for the mispronunciations. She finds out that similarities in the surface phonetic form of the above expressions first introduced cause students to misinterpret Japanese vowel devoicing as vowel elision, the process which is familiar to them from L1. Consequently, any further conclusions built on such thinking would lead to further mispronunciations.
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References
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Dauer, R.M. (1980) The reduction of unstressed high vowels in modern Greek. Journal of International Phonetic Association, 10(1-2): 17-27.
Campbell, N. & Yoshinori Sagisaka. (1991). Moraic and Syllable-level Effects on Speech Timing. Journal of Electronic Information Communication Engineering SP 90-107. 35-40.
Cutler, A. & Takeshi Otake. (1997). Contrastive Studies of Spoken-language Perception. Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan 1:3. 4-13.
Han, Mieko S. (1994). Acoustic Manifestations of Mora Timing in Japanese. Journal of the Acoustic Society of America 96:1. 73-82.
Hattori, N. (1989). Mechanisms of Word Accent Change: Innovations in Standard Japanese. Doctral dissertation. University College London.
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Kondo, M. (1997). Mechanisms of Vowel Devoicing in Japanese. Doctral dissertation. University of Edinburgh.
Kondo, M. (2001). Vowel Devoicing and Syllable Structure in Japanese. Japanse/Korean Linguistics, Vol. 9, CSIL, Stanford.
Kubozono, H. (1989). The Mora and Syllable Structure in Japanese: Evidence from Speech Errors. Language and Speech 32: 3. 249-278.
McCawley, J. (1977). Accent in Japanese. M.L. Hyman (Ed.) Studies in Stress and Accent, Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics No. 4. University of Southern California. 261-302
Maekawa, K. (1989). Boin no musei-ka. M. Sugito (Ed). Nihon-go no Onsei-On’in (1). Tokyo: Meiji Shoin. 135-153.
Port, R. F., Dalby J. & O’Dell, M. (1987). Evidence for Mora Timing in Japanese. Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 81: 5. 1574-1585.
Poser, W. (1990). Evidence for Foot Structure in Japanese. Language 66. 78-105.
Sakurai, Sh. (1985). Kyootsuu-go no hatsuon de chuui subeki kotogara. Appendix to NHK, ed., Japanese Pronunciation and Accent Dictionary. Tokyo: NHK Publication. 128-143.
Sato, Y. (1993). The Durations of Syllable-final Nasals and the Mora Hypothesis in Japanese. Phonetica 50. 44-67.
Shibatani, M. (1990). The Languages of Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Shinohara, Sh. (1997). The Roles of the Syllable and the Mora in Japanese Adaptations of French Words. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 25: 1. 87-112. Paris: CRLAO EHESS.
Sugito, M. & Hirose, H. (1988). Production and Perception of Accented Devoiced Vowels in Japanese. Annual Bulletin of Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics 22. 21-39. University of Tokyo.
Takeda, K. & Hisao Kuwabara. (1987). Analysis and Prediction of Devocalizing Phenomena (in Japanese). Proceedings of Acoustic Society of Japan. 105-106.
Vance, T. J. (1987). An Introduction to Japanese Phonology. Albany. NY: State University of New York Press.
Yoshida, N. & Yoshinori Sagisaka. (1990). Factor Analysis of Vowel Devoicing in Japanese (in Japanese), ATR Technical Report TR-I-0159. Kyoto: ATR Interpreting Telephony Research Laboratories.
Bell, A. (1978). Syllabic consonants, in Greenberg, J.H. (Ed.) Universals of human language Vol.2 Phonology, Stanford University Press, California.
Dauer, R.M. (1980) The reduction of unstressed high vowels in modern Greek. Journal of International Phonetic Association, 10(1-2): 17-27.
Campbell, N. & Yoshinori Sagisaka. (1991). Moraic and Syllable-level Effects on Speech Timing. Journal of Electronic Information Communication Engineering SP 90-107. 35-40.
Cutler, A. & Takeshi Otake. (1997). Contrastive Studies of Spoken-language Perception. Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan 1:3. 4-13.
Han, Mieko S. (1994). Acoustic Manifestations of Mora Timing in Japanese. Journal of the Acoustic Society of America 96:1. 73-82.
Hattori, N. (1989). Mechanisms of Word Accent Change: Innovations in Standard Japanese. Doctral dissertation. University College London.
Haye, Bruce. 1989. Compensatory Lengthening in Moraic Phonology. Linguistic Inquiry 20. 253-306.
Itô, Junko. (1990). Prosodic Minimality in Japaneses. In K. Deaton, M. Noske and M. Ziolkowski, (Eds.) CLS 26-II: Papers from the Parasession on the Syllable in Phonetics and Phonology. 213-239.
Jun, S. & Beckman, Mary E. (1993). A Gestural-overlap Analysis of Vowel Devoicing in Japanese and Korean. Paper presented at the 1993 Annual Meeting of the LSA, Los Angeles, 7-10 January, 1993
Kenstowicz, M. (1994). Phonology in Generative Grammar. MA: Blackwell.
Kondo, M. (1995). Temporal Adjustment of Devoiced Morae in Japanese, Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences 3. 238-241.
Kondo, M. (1997). Mechanisms of Vowel Devoicing in Japanese. Doctral dissertation. University of Edinburgh.
Kondo, M. (2001). Vowel Devoicing and Syllable Structure in Japanese. Japanse/Korean Linguistics, Vol. 9, CSIL, Stanford.
Kubozono, H. (1989). The Mora and Syllable Structure in Japanese: Evidence from Speech Errors. Language and Speech 32: 3. 249-278.
McCawley, J. (1977). Accent in Japanese. M.L. Hyman (Ed.) Studies in Stress and Accent, Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics No. 4. University of Southern California. 261-302
Maekawa, K. (1989). Boin no musei-ka. M. Sugito (Ed). Nihon-go no Onsei-On’in (1). Tokyo: Meiji Shoin. 135-153.
Port, R. F., Dalby J. & O’Dell, M. (1987). Evidence for Mora Timing in Japanese. Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 81: 5. 1574-1585.
Poser, W. (1990). Evidence for Foot Structure in Japanese. Language 66. 78-105.
Sakurai, Sh. (1985). Kyootsuu-go no hatsuon de chuui subeki kotogara. Appendix to NHK, ed., Japanese Pronunciation and Accent Dictionary. Tokyo: NHK Publication. 128-143.
Sato, Y. (1993). The Durations of Syllable-final Nasals and the Mora Hypothesis in Japanese. Phonetica 50. 44-67.
Shibatani, M. (1990). The Languages of Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Shinohara, Sh. (1997). The Roles of the Syllable and the Mora in Japanese Adaptations of French Words. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 25: 1. 87-112. Paris: CRLAO EHESS.
Sugito, M. & Hirose, H. (1988). Production and Perception of Accented Devoiced Vowels in Japanese. Annual Bulletin of Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics 22. 21-39. University of Tokyo.
Takeda, K. & Hisao Kuwabara. (1987). Analysis and Prediction of Devocalizing Phenomena (in Japanese). Proceedings of Acoustic Society of Japan. 105-106.
Vance, T. J. (1987). An Introduction to Japanese Phonology. Albany. NY: State University of New York Press.
Yoshida, N. & Yoshinori Sagisaka. (1990). Factor Analysis of Vowel Devoicing in Japanese (in Japanese), ATR Technical Report TR-I-0159. Kyoto: ATR Interpreting Telephony Research Laboratories.
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Published
03.03.2014
How to Cite
GOLOB, N. (2014). Desuga ですが and the Spread of Voicing Feature in L2 Japanese. Acta Linguistica Asiatica, 3(3), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.3.3.9-20
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