Ura minulih idealov

Salustij in Jean Bodin o propadu države

Avtorji

  • Gregor Pobežin ZRC SAZU, Inštitut za kulturno zgodovino, Ljubljana; Univerza na Primorskem, Koper; Univerza v Ljubljani

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4312/ars.16.1.97-111

Ključne besede:

Jean Bodin, Salustij, rimska republika, rimsko cesarstvo, zgodovinopisje, recepcija

Povzetek

Eden najbolj (pri)znanih francoskih mislecev 16. stoletja Jean Bodin je napisal morda prvi metodološki traktat z navodili in smernicami, kako ne le brati in pisati, temveč tudi razumeti zgodovino. S svojim univerzalnim zanimanjem za vse, kar je človeškega, je Bodin prehitel Blochovo priporočilo zgodovinarjem, da bi se morali zanimati za vsakršno človeško stvarjenje, če naj svojo nalogo opravljajo kolikor le mogoče vestno. Leta 1566 je Bodin objavil eno najpogosteje ponatisnjenih del, Methodus ad facilem historiarum cognitionem, »Metodo za lažje razumevanje zgodovine«. Čeprav je izražal živo zanimanje in dobro poznavanje številnih antičnih zgodovinarjev, ki jih je navedel v četrtem poglavju svojega dela (De historicorum delectu, »O izbiri zgodovinarjev«), mu je bil eden izmed njih še posebej blizu. Rimski zgodovinar Gaj Salustij Krisp, ki je po Bodinovem mnenju »najbolj iskren avtor z znanjem o pomembnih rečeh«, je Bodinu in številnim njegovim kolegom ponudil vzorčno pripoved za obravnavo spreminjajočega se in propadajočega sveta, kar Bodinu v času francoskih verskih vojn ni bilo tuje. Vendar se zdi razlaga, da je bila prav retorično učinkovita tipska pripoved tisto, kar je Bodina motiviralo, da je posnemal Salustijevo argumentacijo, nezadovoljiva in biografsko površna. Ta članek zato natančno analizira Salustijeva poglavja, ki naj bi bila podlaga za Bodinovo razmišljanje, in ponuja sklep, da je pri Salustiju v resnici razmeroma malo podlage za Bodinovo pravno in zgodovinsko utemeljevanje absolutne monarhične oblasti.

Prenosi

Podatki o prenosih še niso na voljo.

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Objavljeno

22.12.2022

Kako citirati

Pobežin, G. (2022). Ura minulih idealov: Salustij in Jean Bodin o propadu države. Ars & Humanitas, 16(1), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.4312/ars.16.1.97-111