Časovnost in pomenska tipologija samostalnikov

Povzetek

The aim of this article is to propose a typology of conceptual noun classes based on the framework of Langacker's Cognitive Grammar. We confine our analysis to nouns expressing temporality. Along with nouns referring to the domain of space, they are grouped into the larger category of extensive nouns. When we speak of temporality, we are referring to predications that are partially or fully characterized relative to the domain of time. Consequently, we distinguish between nouns exhibiting full temporality and nouns exhibiting partial temporality. The former, which represent only a small group of nouns (for instance, moment, period, past, future), directly profile a subpart of the domain of time; in other words, the domain of time is activated as their primary domain. The latter type profiles the succession of states that constitute the central area of the base: this succession, although distributed through conceived time, is profiled in its entirety as a thing and not as a process, and it therefore has no temporal profile. This category is further divided into: actions (the area profiled by the predicate is construed as bounded and changing through conceived time: the constitutive states are not all identical), activities (the area profiled by the predicate is construed as unbounded and homogeneous: the constitutive states are all identical) and events (the extent of the profiled region is reduced: it is construed as a point of time). The examples are drawn from Slovene.