Why an Upright Son Does Not Disclose His Father Stealing a Sheep: A Neglected Aspect of the Confucian Conception of Filial Piety
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4312/as.2017.5.1.15-45Keywords:
filial piety, uprightness, remonstration, Confucius, punishmentAbstract
In the Analects, Confucius recommends to not disclose one’s father stealing a sheep, claiming that zhi 直lies within it. This passage has become the focus of a heated and prolonged debate among Chinese scholars in the last decade. A proper understanding of zhi, which is central to understanding this whole passage, is to straighten the crooked, or uprighten the non-upright. So what Confucius means is that the upright son ought to make his non-upright father upright; the best way to do so is to remonstrate his father against his wrongdoing, and the best environment for the successful remonstration can be provided by non-disclosure of his father’s wrongdoing.
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References
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Cai, Yuanpei 蔡元培. 1999. Guomin jiaoyu er zhong 國民教育二種 (Two Essays on Civic Education). Shanghai: Shanghai Wenyu Chubanshe.
Chen, Daqi 陳大奇. 1969. Lunyu yi jie 論語臆解 (A Tentative Interpretation of the Analects). Taibei: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
Chen, Qiaojian 陳乔見. 2011. “Si yu gong: Zizhi yu fazhi 私与公：自治与法治 (The Private and the Public: Self Rule and Rule by Law).” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan《儒家倫理新批判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”), edited by Guo Qiyong, 447–92. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press.
Cheng, Shude 程樹德. 1990. Lunyu ji shi 論語集釋 (Collected Commentaries on the Analects). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Da Dai Liji 大戴禮記 (The Senior Dai’s Book of Rites). 2008. In Da dai liji hui xiao ji shi 大戴禮記匯校集釋 (The Collected Annotations and Interpretations of the Senior Dai’s Book of Rites), by Fang Xiangdong 方向東. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Deng, Xiaomang 鄧晓芒. 2010. Rujia lunli xin pipan 儒家倫理新批判 (A New Critique of Confucian Ethics). Chongqing: Chongqing University Press.
Fan, Zhongxin 范忠信. 2011. “‘Qidai zhi keneng xing’ yu woguo xingshi fa de ‘fazhi shengxian dingwei’ ‘期待之可能性’與我國刑事法的‘法治聖賢定位’ (‘Anticipated Possibility’ and the Legal Orientation toward Sages and Worthies of the Criminal Laws in Our Country).” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan 《儒家倫理新批判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”, edited by Guo Qiyong, 380–6. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press.
Flanagan, Owen. 1991. Varieties of Moral Personality: Ethics and Psychological Realism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Guo, Qiyong 郭齊勇, ed. 2004. “Ye tan zi wei fu yin yu Mengzi lun Shun 也談‘ 子為父隱’與孟子論舜 (Also On the Mutual Non-disclosure of Wrongdoing Between Father and Son and Mencius’ Case of Shun).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), 12–20. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
_____, ed. 2011. “Preface.” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan 《儒家倫理新批 判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”), 1–23. Wuhan:Wuhan University Press.
_____, ed. 2011a. “Qinqin xiangyin rongyin zhi jiqi dui dangjin fazhi jianshe de qidie ‘親親相隱’‘容隱制’及其對當今法治建設的啟迪 (No Mutual Disclosure of Wrongdoings Among Family Members, Legal Allowance for Nondisclosure, and Their Implications on Legal Reform Today). ” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan《儒家倫理新批判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”), 1–23. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press.
_____, ed. 2014. Zhengbenqingyuan lun zhongxi 正本清源論中西 (Straighten to Root and Purify the Origin on the Chinese-Western Comparison). Shanghai: Huadong Shifan Daxue Chubanshe.
Guo, Qiyong 郭齊勇, and Gong Jianping 龔建平. 2004. “‘De zhi’ yu jing zhong de ‘qin qin xiang yin’ ‘德治’語境中的‘亲亲相隱’ (The Mutual Non-disclosure of Wrongdoings in the Context of the Governing with Virtue).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 45–62. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Guo, Qiyong 郭齊勇, and Xiao Shijun 肖時鈞. 2014. “Men nei de rujia lunli 門內的儒家倫理 (Confucian Ethics for Family Relations).” Hua’nan Shifan Daxue Xuebao 华南师范大学学报 (Journal of Hua’nan Normal University) 1: 131–6.
Huang, Yong. 2007. “Introduction.” Contemporary Chinese Thought 39 (1): 3–14.
_____. 2013. Confucius: A Guide to the Perplexed. New York and London: Continuum.
_____. 2015. “Yin (Non-Disclosure/Rectification), Zhi (Fairness/Straightforwardness), and Ren (Responsibility): A New Round of Debate Concerning Analects 13.18.” Contemporary Chinese Thought 46 (3): 3–16.
Huang, Yushun 黃裕生. 2004. “Pubian lunlixue de chufadian: Ziyou geti haishi juese guanxi 普遍倫理學的出發點：自由個體還是角色倫理 (The Starting Point of a Universal Ethics: Free Individual or Relational Role?)” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 938–63. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Hursthouse, Rosalind. 1999. On Virtue Ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kongzi Jiayu 孔子家語 (Confucius’ Family Sayings). 2009. Beijing: Beijing Yanshan Chubanshe.
Lao, Siguang 勞思光. 2010. Xinbian zhongguo zhexue shi 新編中國哲學史 (A New History of Chinese Philosophy), vol. 1. Taibei: Sanmin Shuju.
Lau, D.C., trans. 1979. Confucius: The Analects. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books.
Liang, Tao 梁濤. 2012. “Qin qin xiang yin ‘yu yin er ren zhi’「親親相隱」與「隱 而任之」 (‘Mutual Non-Disclosure among Family Members’ and ‘Non-Disclosure and Taking the Blame on Behalf of One’s Family Members’).” Zhexue yanjiu 哲學研究 (Philosophical Studies) 10: 35–42.
_____. 2013. “Fu wei zi yin zi wei fu yin shi fuzi xianghu jiuzheng cuowu ma 父為子隱子為父隱是父子相互糾正錯誤嗎? (Does Analects 13.18 Mean to Say That Father and Son Should Correct Each Other’s Wrongdoings?).” Hu’nan Daxue Xuebao 湖南大學出版社 (The Journal of Hunan University) 27 (4): 21–25.
Liang, Tao 梁濤, and Gu Jianing 顧家寧. 2013. “Chaoyue lichang, huigui xueli: Zai lun ‘qin qin xiangyin’ ji xiangguan wenti 超越立場，回歸學理：再論‘親親相隱’及相關問題 (Transcend the ideologies and return to scholarship: Again on the mutual concealment and related issues).” Xueshu Yuekan 学术月刊 (Academic Monthly) 45 (8): 60–70.
Liao, Mingchun 廖明春. 2013. “Lunyu fuzi huyin zhang xin zheng 論語父子互隱章新證 (A New Interpretation of Analects 13.8.)” Hu’nan Daxue Xuebao 湖南大學出版社 (Journal of Hunan University) 27 (2): 5–13.
_____. 2015. “A New Interpretation of Analects 13.8.” Contemporary Chinese Thought 46 (3): 17–39.
Liji 禮記 (The Book of Rites). In Liji yizhu 禮記譯注 (Translation and Annotation of the Book of Rites), by Yang Tianyu 杨天宇. Shanghai: Shanghai Gujichubanshe.
Liu, Qingping 劉清平. 2004. “Lun Kong Meng ruxue de xueqin tuantixing tezheng 論孔孟儒學的血亲團體性特征 (On the Confucian Consanguinism in Confucius and Mencius).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争 鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 853–87. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Lü’s Spring and Autumn, Lüshi chunqiu 呂氏春秋. 2003. Ha’erbin: Heilongjiang Renmin Chubanshe.
Mencius. 2005. In Mengzi yizhu 孟子譯注 (Translation and Annotations of the Mencius), by Yang Bojun 杨伯峻. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Meng, Peiyuan 蒙培元. 2004. “Ren shi qinggan de cunzai 人是情感的存在 (Human Beings as Emotional Beings).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争 鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 455–72. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Mu, Nanke. 2004. “Rujia dianji de yujing yuanyuan ji fangfalun yiyi 儒家典籍的 語境溯源及方法論意義 (The Original Context of Confucian Classics and Its Methodological Implications).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争 鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 964–71. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Qian, Mu 錢穆. 2005. Lunyu xinjie 論語新解 (A New Interpretation of the Analects). Beijing: Sanlian Shudian.
Wang, Hongzhi 王弘治. 2007. “Lunyu qinqin huyin zhang chongdu 論語親親 互隱章重讀 (A New Reading of Analects 13.8).” Zhejiang Xuekan 浙江学刊 (Zhejing Academic Journal) 1: 93–98.
Wang, Tangjia. 2014. “Is Confucianism a Source of Corruption in Chinese society?: A New Round of Debate in Mainland China.” Dao 13: 111–21.
Wang, Xingguo 王興國. 2012. “Kongzi ‘fu wei zi yin zi wei fu yin’ tan ben 孔子「父為子隱，子為父隱」探本 (The Original Meaning of Confucius’ Mutual Yin 隱 between Parents and Children).” Proceedings of the International Conference of the International Dimension of Contemporary Neo-Confucianism, vol. 1: 27–75. Zhongli, Taiwan: National Central University.
Xiaojing 孝經 (The Book of Filial Piety). 1996. In Xiaojing yi zhu 孝經譯注 (Translation and Annotations of the Book of Filial Piety). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Xunzi. 2003. In Library of Chinese Classics: Chinese-English. Changsha: Hu’nan Renmin Chubanshe & Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.
Yang, Zebo 杨澤波. 2004. “Fubai haishi keqiu 腐敗還是苛求 (Corruption or Unreasonable Requirement)?” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 92–116. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Zheng, Jiadong 鄭家棟. 2004. “Zhongguo chuantong sixiang zhong de fuzi guanxi ji quanshi de mianxiang 中國傳統思想中的父子關係及詮釋的面向 (The Father-Child Relationship and Its Interpretational Perspective in Traditional Chinese Thought).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 473–93. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Zhang, Zhiqiang 張志強, and Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇. 2013. “Ye tan ‘qinqin xiangyin’ yu ‘yin er ren’ 也談“親親相隱”與“ 而任 (Also on ‘the Mutual Concealment (of Wrongdoings) Among Family Members’ and ‘Concealing and Taking Vicarious Responsibility for the Wrongdoing).” Zhexue Yanjiu 哲學
研究 (Philosophical Studies) 4: 36–42.
Cai, Yuanpei 蔡元培. 1999. Guomin jiaoyu er zhong 國民教育二種 (Two Essays on Civic Education). Shanghai: Shanghai Wenyu Chubanshe.
Chen, Daqi 陳大奇. 1969. Lunyu yi jie 論語臆解 (A Tentative Interpretation of the Analects). Taibei: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
Chen, Qiaojian 陳乔見. 2011. “Si yu gong: Zizhi yu fazhi 私与公：自治与法治 (The Private and the Public: Self Rule and Rule by Law).” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan《儒家倫理新批判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”), edited by Guo Qiyong, 447–92. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press.
Cheng, Shude 程樹德. 1990. Lunyu ji shi 論語集釋 (Collected Commentaries on the Analects). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Da Dai Liji 大戴禮記 (The Senior Dai’s Book of Rites). 2008. In Da dai liji hui xiao ji shi 大戴禮記匯校集釋 (The Collected Annotations and Interpretations of the Senior Dai’s Book of Rites), by Fang Xiangdong 方向東. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Deng, Xiaomang 鄧晓芒. 2010. Rujia lunli xin pipan 儒家倫理新批判 (A New Critique of Confucian Ethics). Chongqing: Chongqing University Press.
Fan, Zhongxin 范忠信. 2011. “‘Qidai zhi keneng xing’ yu woguo xingshi fa de ‘fazhi shengxian dingwei’ ‘期待之可能性’與我國刑事法的‘法治聖賢定位’ (‘Anticipated Possibility’ and the Legal Orientation toward Sages and Worthies of the Criminal Laws in Our Country).” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan 《儒家倫理新批判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”, edited by Guo Qiyong, 380–6. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press.
Flanagan, Owen. 1991. Varieties of Moral Personality: Ethics and Psychological Realism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Guo, Qiyong 郭齊勇, ed. 2004. “Ye tan zi wei fu yin yu Mengzi lun Shun 也談‘ 子為父隱’與孟子論舜 (Also On the Mutual Non-disclosure of Wrongdoing Between Father and Son and Mencius’ Case of Shun).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), 12–20. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
_____, ed. 2011. “Preface.” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan 《儒家倫理新批 判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”), 1–23. Wuhan:Wuhan University Press.
_____, ed. 2011a. “Qinqin xiangyin rongyin zhi jiqi dui dangjin fazhi jianshe de qidie ‘親親相隱’‘容隱制’及其對當今法治建設的啟迪 (No Mutual Disclosure of Wrongdoings Among Family Members, Legal Allowance for Nondisclosure, and Their Implications on Legal Reform Today). ” In “Rujia lunli xin pipan” zhi pipan《儒家倫理新批判》之批判 (Critiques of “A New Critique of Confucian Ethics”), 1–23. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press.
_____, ed. 2014. Zhengbenqingyuan lun zhongxi 正本清源論中西 (Straighten to Root and Purify the Origin on the Chinese-Western Comparison). Shanghai: Huadong Shifan Daxue Chubanshe.
Guo, Qiyong 郭齊勇, and Gong Jianping 龔建平. 2004. “‘De zhi’ yu jing zhong de ‘qin qin xiang yin’ ‘德治’語境中的‘亲亲相隱’ (The Mutual Non-disclosure of Wrongdoings in the Context of the Governing with Virtue).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 45–62. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Guo, Qiyong 郭齊勇, and Xiao Shijun 肖時鈞. 2014. “Men nei de rujia lunli 門內的儒家倫理 (Confucian Ethics for Family Relations).” Hua’nan Shifan Daxue Xuebao 华南师范大学学报 (Journal of Hua’nan Normal University) 1: 131–6.
Huang, Yong. 2007. “Introduction.” Contemporary Chinese Thought 39 (1): 3–14.
_____. 2013. Confucius: A Guide to the Perplexed. New York and London: Continuum.
_____. 2015. “Yin (Non-Disclosure/Rectification), Zhi (Fairness/Straightforwardness), and Ren (Responsibility): A New Round of Debate Concerning Analects 13.18.” Contemporary Chinese Thought 46 (3): 3–16.
Huang, Yushun 黃裕生. 2004. “Pubian lunlixue de chufadian: Ziyou geti haishi juese guanxi 普遍倫理學的出發點：自由個體還是角色倫理 (The Starting Point of a Universal Ethics: Free Individual or Relational Role?)” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 938–63. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Hursthouse, Rosalind. 1999. On Virtue Ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kongzi Jiayu 孔子家語 (Confucius’ Family Sayings). 2009. Beijing: Beijing Yanshan Chubanshe.
Lao, Siguang 勞思光. 2010. Xinbian zhongguo zhexue shi 新編中國哲學史 (A New History of Chinese Philosophy), vol. 1. Taibei: Sanmin Shuju.
Lau, D.C., trans. 1979. Confucius: The Analects. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books.
Liang, Tao 梁濤. 2012. “Qin qin xiang yin ‘yu yin er ren zhi’「親親相隱」與「隱 而任之」 (‘Mutual Non-Disclosure among Family Members’ and ‘Non-Disclosure and Taking the Blame on Behalf of One’s Family Members’).” Zhexue yanjiu 哲學研究 (Philosophical Studies) 10: 35–42.
_____. 2013. “Fu wei zi yin zi wei fu yin shi fuzi xianghu jiuzheng cuowu ma 父為子隱子為父隱是父子相互糾正錯誤嗎? (Does Analects 13.18 Mean to Say That Father and Son Should Correct Each Other’s Wrongdoings?).” Hu’nan Daxue Xuebao 湖南大學出版社 (The Journal of Hunan University) 27 (4): 21–25.
Liang, Tao 梁濤, and Gu Jianing 顧家寧. 2013. “Chaoyue lichang, huigui xueli: Zai lun ‘qin qin xiangyin’ ji xiangguan wenti 超越立場，回歸學理：再論‘親親相隱’及相關問題 (Transcend the ideologies and return to scholarship: Again on the mutual concealment and related issues).” Xueshu Yuekan 学术月刊 (Academic Monthly) 45 (8): 60–70.
Liao, Mingchun 廖明春. 2013. “Lunyu fuzi huyin zhang xin zheng 論語父子互隱章新證 (A New Interpretation of Analects 13.8.)” Hu’nan Daxue Xuebao 湖南大學出版社 (Journal of Hunan University) 27 (2): 5–13.
_____. 2015. “A New Interpretation of Analects 13.8.” Contemporary Chinese Thought 46 (3): 17–39.
Liji 禮記 (The Book of Rites). In Liji yizhu 禮記譯注 (Translation and Annotation of the Book of Rites), by Yang Tianyu 杨天宇. Shanghai: Shanghai Gujichubanshe.
Liu, Qingping 劉清平. 2004. “Lun Kong Meng ruxue de xueqin tuantixing tezheng 論孔孟儒學的血亲團體性特征 (On the Confucian Consanguinism in Confucius and Mencius).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争 鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 853–87. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Lü’s Spring and Autumn, Lüshi chunqiu 呂氏春秋. 2003. Ha’erbin: Heilongjiang Renmin Chubanshe.
Mencius. 2005. In Mengzi yizhu 孟子譯注 (Translation and Annotations of the Mencius), by Yang Bojun 杨伯峻. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Meng, Peiyuan 蒙培元. 2004. “Ren shi qinggan de cunzai 人是情感的存在 (Human Beings as Emotional Beings).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争 鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 455–72. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Mu, Nanke. 2004. “Rujia dianji de yujing yuanyuan ji fangfalun yiyi 儒家典籍的 語境溯源及方法論意義 (The Original Context of Confucian Classics and Its Methodological Implications).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争 鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 964–71. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Qian, Mu 錢穆. 2005. Lunyu xinjie 論語新解 (A New Interpretation of the Analects). Beijing: Sanlian Shudian.
Wang, Hongzhi 王弘治. 2007. “Lunyu qinqin huyin zhang chongdu 論語親親 互隱章重讀 (A New Reading of Analects 13.8).” Zhejiang Xuekan 浙江学刊 (Zhejing Academic Journal) 1: 93–98.
Wang, Tangjia. 2014. “Is Confucianism a Source of Corruption in Chinese society?: A New Round of Debate in Mainland China.” Dao 13: 111–21.
Wang, Xingguo 王興國. 2012. “Kongzi ‘fu wei zi yin zi wei fu yin’ tan ben 孔子「父為子隱，子為父隱」探本 (The Original Meaning of Confucius’ Mutual Yin 隱 between Parents and Children).” Proceedings of the International Conference of the International Dimension of Contemporary Neo-Confucianism, vol. 1: 27–75. Zhongli, Taiwan: National Central University.
Xiaojing 孝經 (The Book of Filial Piety). 1996. In Xiaojing yi zhu 孝經譯注 (Translation and Annotations of the Book of Filial Piety). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
Xunzi. 2003. In Library of Chinese Classics: Chinese-English. Changsha: Hu’nan Renmin Chubanshe & Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.
Yang, Zebo 杨澤波. 2004. “Fubai haishi keqiu 腐敗還是苛求 (Corruption or Unreasonable Requirement)?” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 92–116. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Zheng, Jiadong 鄭家棟. 2004. “Zhongguo chuantong sixiang zhong de fuzi guanxi ji quanshi de mianxiang 中國傳統思想中的父子關係及詮釋的面向 (The Father-Child Relationship and Its Interpretational Perspective in Traditional Chinese Thought).” In Rujia lunli zhengming ji 儒家倫理争鳴集 (A Collection of Essays in the Debate on Confucius Ethics), edited by Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇, 473–93. Wuhan: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
Zhang, Zhiqiang 張志強, and Guo Qiyong 郭齊勇. 2013. “Ye tan ‘qinqin xiangyin’ yu ‘yin er ren’ 也談“親親相隱”與“ 而任 (Also on ‘the Mutual Concealment (of Wrongdoings) Among Family Members’ and ‘Concealing and Taking Vicarious Responsibility for the Wrongdoing).” Zhexue Yanjiu 哲學
研究 (Philosophical Studies) 4: 36–42.
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HUANG, Yong. 2017. “Why an Upright Son Does Not Disclose His Father Stealing a Sheep: A Neglected Aspect of the Confucian Conception of Filial Piety”. Asian Studies 5 (1): 15-45. https://doi.org/10.4312/as.2017.5.1.15-45.
