How Do In-Service EFL Teachers Assess Student Language Learning? Analysis of English Assessment Instruments Used in Chilean Secondary Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4312/elope.21.1.111-127Keywords:
language assessment, TEFL, in-service teachers, teacher professional development, pre-service teacher educationAbstract
The study analyses the assessment instruments designed by Chilean English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in-service teachers. The participants were 110 secondary school teachers from the central, northern, and southern areas of Chile. The data collection technique was document analysis of the assessment instruments designed in their teaching practices. The results suggest that the most typical instrument is a language test, while speaking/writing performance evaluations with rubrics and rating scales are used to a lesser degree, and all having writing, reading, grammar, and vocabulary as their primary assessment foci. It is suggested that universities and administrators of educational institutions promote opportunities for professional updating regarding language assessment. Moreover, pre-service teacher education needs to emphasize and strengthen this didactic dimension.
Acknowledgment: This study is part of the research grants FONDECYT 1191021 “Estudio correlacional y propuesta de intervención en evaluación del aprendizaje del inglés: las dimensiones cognitiva, afectiva y social del proceso evaluativo del idioma extranjero” (Correlational study and intervention proposal in English language learning assessment: The cognitive, affective and social dimensions of the foreign language assessment process) and FONDECYT 1220307 “Estudio sobre el diseño de instrumentos de evaluación del idioma inglés: procesos y carga cognitiva, respuesta afectiva y desempeños de candidatos a profesores” (Study on the design of English language assessment instruments: processes and cognitive load, affective response and performances of teacher candidates).
Downloads
References
Agencia de Calidad de la Educación. 2017. “Informe de Resultados Estudio Nacional Inglés III Medio.” Accessed April 04, 2022. http://archivos.agenciaeducacion.cl/Informe_Estudio_Nacional_Ingles_III.pdf.
Al-Nouh, Nowreyah A., Hanan A. Taqi, and Muneera M. Abdul-Kareem. 2014. “EFL primary school teachers’ attitudes, knowledge and skills in alternative assessment.” International Education Studies 7 (5): 68–84. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v7n5p68.
Alderson, J. Charles. 2000. Assessing Reading. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Aliasin, Seyed Hesamuudin, and Mehdi Amianlu. 2017. “The effect of alternative assessment techniques on EFL learners’ reading comprehension ability and self-efficacy in reading: The case of Iranian junior high school students.” Linguistics and Literature Studies 5 (3): 160–68. https://doi.org/10.13189/lls.2017.050302.
British ouncil. 2015. “Annual report 2014–15.” Accessed April 05, 2022. https://www.britishcouncil.org/sites/default/files/annual-report-2014-2015.pdf.
Britton, Maria. 2021. Assessment for Learning in Primary Language Learning and Teaching. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Brown, H. Douglas, and Priyanvada Abeywickrama. 2018. Language Assessment: Principles and Classroom Practices. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks: Pearson.
Buck, Gary. 2001. Assessing Listening. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Burns, Anne. 2010. Doing Action Research in English Language Teaching: A Guide for Practitioners. New York: Routledge.
Butt, Graham. 2010. Making Assessment Matter. London: Continuum.
Celce-Murcia, Marianne. 2014. “An overview of language teaching methods and approaches.” In Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language, edited by Marianne Celce-Murcia, Donna M. Brinton and Marguerite Ann Snow, 4th ed., 15–30. Boston: National Geographic Learning.
Chappuis, Jan, and Rick Stiggins. 2020. Classroom Assessment for Student Learning: Doing It Right – Using It Well. 3rd ed. New York: Pearson.
Coombe, Christine. 2012. “Second language assessment.” In The Cambridge Guide to Second Language Assessment, edited by Christine Coombe, Peter Davidson, Barry O’Sullivan, and Stephen Stoynoff, 1–6. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Council of Europe. 2001. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Duff, Patricia A. 2014. “Communicative language teaching.” In Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language, 4th ed., edited by Marianne Celce-Murcia, Donna M. Brinton and Marguerite Ann Snow, 15–30. Boston: National Geographic Learning.
Earl, Lorna M. 2012. Assessment As Learning: Using Classroom Assessment to Maximize Student Learning. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Corwin.
Earl, Lorna M., and Steven Katz. 2006. Rethinking Classroom Assessment with Purpose in Mind. Winnipeg: Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth Cataloguing in Publication Data.
Forutan, Ali. 2014. “Traditional versus alternative writing assessment.” International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research 2 (7): 10–22.
Fulcher, Glenn, and Fred Davidson. 2007. Language Testing and Assessment: An Advanced Resource Book. Abingdon: Routledge.
Giraldo, Frank. 2018. “Diagnostic study on teachers’ beliefs and practices in foreign language assessment.” Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 23 (1): 25–44. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v23n01a04.
—. 2019. “Language assessment practices and beliefs: Implications for language assessment literacy.” HOW 26 (1): 35–61. https://doi.org/10.19183/how.26.1.481.
Giraldo, Frank, and Daniel Murcia. 2019. “Language assessment literacy and the professional development of pre-service language teachers.” Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal 21 (2): 243–59. https://doi.org/10.14483/22487085.14514.
Goçtü, Ramazan. 2012. “Comparison of traditional and portfolio assessment efficiency in English language teaching in high schools.” Journal of Education 1 (2): 43–52.
Goh, Christine C. M., and Anne Burns. 2012. Teaching Speaking: A Holistic Approach. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gottlieb, Margo. 2016. Assessing English Language Learners: Bridges to Educational Equity. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Corwin.
—. 2021. Classroom Assessment in Multiple Languages: A Handbook for Teachers. Thousand Oaks: Corwin.
Government of Chile. 2014. “National English Strategy 2014-2030.” Accessed April 04, 2022. https://www.economia.gob.cl/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/140307-Documento-Estrategia-Nacional-de-Ingl%C3%A9s-2014-2030.pdf.
Heritage, Margaret. 2022. Formative Assessment: Making It Happen in the Classroom. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Corwin.
Jones, Jane. 2010. “The role of assessment for learning in the management of primary to secondary transition: Implications for language teachers.” Language Learning Journal 35 (2): 175–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571730902928052.
Katz, Anne. 2014. “Assessment in second language classrooms.” In Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language, edited by Marianne Celce-Murcia, Donna M. Brinton, and Marguerite Ann Snow, 320–29. Boston: National Geographic Learning.
Knoch, Ute. 2009. Diagnostic Writing Assessment: The Development and Validation of a Rating Scale. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
Kong, Yunjun, Edit Katalin Molnár, and Nan Xu. 2022. “Pre- and in-service teachers’ assessment and feedback in EFL writing: Changes and challenges.” SAGE Open 12 (3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244022112667.
Kuiken, Folkert, and Ineke Vedder. 2017. “Functional adequacy in L2 writing: Towards a new rating scale.” Language Testing 34 (3): 321–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532216663991.
Kumaravadivelu, Bala. 2006. “TESOL methods: Changing tracks, challenging trends.” TESOL Quarterly 40 (1): 59–81. https://doi.org/10.2307/40264511.
Larsen-Freeman, Diane, and Marti Anderson. 2011. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Luoma, Sari. 2004. Assessing Speaking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Marsh, Colin. 2010. Becoming a Teacher: Knowledge, Skills and Issues. 5th ed. Frenchs Forest: Pearson.
Minda, Motuma Hirpassa, and Chaka Chaka. 2023. “Implementing alternative assessment in a communicative English skills course at three Ethiopian universities.” MEXTESOL Journal 47 (2): 1–14.
Ministry of Education of Chile. 2015. Bases Curriculares: 7º Básico a 2º Medio. Santiago: Ministry of Education of Chile.
—. 2019. Bases Curriculares: 3º a 4º Medio. Santiago: Ministry of Education of Chile.
Murray, Denise E., and MaryAnn Christison. 2020. What English Language Teachers Need to Know: Facilitating Learning. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge.
Namaziandost, Ehsan, Samir Alekasir, Murad Hassan Mohammed Sawalmeh, and M. Zaini Miftah. 2020. “Investigating the Iranian EFL learners’ attitudes towards the implementation of e-portfolios in English learning and assessment.” Cogent Education 7 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2020.1856764.
Nunan, David. 2015. Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages: An Introduction. New York: Routledge.
Oakhill, Jane, Kate Cain, and Carsten Elbro. 2015. Understanding and Teaching Reading Comprehension: A Handbook. Abingdon: Routledge.
Plakans, Lia, and Atta Gebril. 2015. Assessment Myths: Applying Second Language Research to Classroom Teaching. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Rapley, Tim. 2018. Doing Conversation, Discourse and Document Analysis. 2nd ed. London: SAGE.
Ravela, Pedro, Beatriz Picaroni, and Graciela Loureiro. 2019. ¿Cómo Mejorar la Evaluación en el Aula? Reflexiones y Propuestas de Trabajo para Docentes. 2nd ed. Montevideo: Grupo Magro Editores.
Richard-Amato, Patricia A. 2010. Making it Happen: From Interactive to Participatory Language Teaching. 4th ed. White Plains: Pearson Education.
Richards, Jack C., and Theodore S. Rodgers. 2014. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Safdari, Maryam, and Jalil Fathi. 2020. “Investigating the role of dynamic assessment on speaking accuracy and fluency of pre-intermediate EFL learners.” Cogent Education 7 (1): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2020.1818924.
Scully, Darina. 2017. “Constructing multiple-choice items to measure higher-order thinking.” Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation 22 (4): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.7275/swgt-rj52.
Shams, Nasrin, and Mansoor Tavakoli. 2014. “The effect of peer, self, and traditional assessment on Iranian EFL learners’ L2 reading comprehension.” Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research 1 (1): 29–44.
Solano-Flores, Guillermo. 2016. Assessing English Language Learners: Theory and Practice. New York: Routledge.
Styron, Jennifer L., and Ronald A Styron. 2012. “Teaching to the test: A controversial issue in quantitative measurement.” Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics 10 (5): 22–25. https://doi.org/10.54808/JSCI.
Tagle, Tania, Paulo Etchegaray, Claudio Díaz, Paola Alarcón, and Mabel Ortiz. 2022. “Representaciones Metafóricas sobre la Evaluación en el Aprendizaje y la Enseñanza del Inglés que poseen Estudiantes de Pedagogía y Profesores Noveles Chilenos.” Pensamiento Educativo, Revista de Investigación Latinoamericana (PEL) 59 (2): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.7764/PEL.59.2.2022.12.
Tedick, Diane J., and Roy Lyster. 2019. Scaffolding Language Development in Immersion and Dual Language Classrooms. Abingdon: Routledge.
Tsagari, Dina. 2016. “Assessment orientations of state primary EFL teachers in two Mediterranean countries.” CEPS Journal 6 (1): 9–30. https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.102.
Tsagari, Dina, and Karin Vogt. 2017. “Assessment literacy of foreign language teachers around Europe: Research, challenges and future prospects.” Papers in Language Testing and Assessment 6 (1): 41–63.
Türk, Faruk. 2022. Developing Oral Fluency in English. Bursa: Sentez Publishing.
Wubshet, Hailu, and Fekede Menuta. 2015. “Investigating the practice of alternative assessment in English classrooms: The case of selected grade nine English teachers’ assessment practices.” International Journal of Scientific Research in Education 8 (4): 159–71.
Yan, Qiaozhen, Lawrence Jun Zhang, and Helen R. Dixon. 2022. “Exploring classroom-based assessment for young EFL learners in the Chinese context: Teachers’ beliefs and practices.” Frontiers in Psychology 13 (November). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1051728.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Tania Tagle, Paulo Etchegaray, Claudio Díaz, Mabel Ortiz, Marcela Quintana, Lucía Ramos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.