Short physical performance battery for the screening of sarcopenia in older Slovenian nursing home residents

Dorjana Zerbo Šporin; Martin Šporin

doi:10.52165/kinsi.30.1.112-119

Authors

Dr. Dorjana Zerbo Šporin assoc. prof.
Martin Šporin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.30.1.112-119

Keywords:

physical performance, elderly, sarcopenia

Abstract

Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle disease in older adults that is associated with numerous negative consequences and represents a real public health concern. Due to the lack of appropriate measurement tools, sarcopenia is difficult to diagnose in residential care. The aim of this study was to find out whether the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score can be used as a diagnostic tool for screening older adults in Slovenian nursing homes for sarcopenia in order to take targeted measures for those at risk of the disease. In the cross-sectional study, the prevalence of sarcopenia was determined using the EWGSOP2 guidelines in 121 participants (69% women) of median age of 86 years. Physical performance was assessed using the SPPB test and the cut-off score ≤ 6, which is associated with increased all-cause mortality, was used to distinguish the exposed from the non-exposed group for which the odds ratio (OR) for sarcopenia cases was calculated. The median SPPB score was lower and the prevalence of sarcopenia higher in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group (3 and 8 for SPPB score and 27.5% and 20.0% for sarcopenia prevalence, respectively), but the odds of developing sarcopenia were similar for both groups (OR=1.51; 95% CI 0.55 – 4.14; p=0.418).

The SPPB showed a lack of diagnostic ability for sarcopenia in nursing home residents when a discriminatory cut-off score of 6 was used. The SPPB score remains a valuable indicator of physical performance and thus reflects the health status of older people.

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