Spremembe v osamljenosti in duševnem zdravju starejših odraslih v času pandemije COVID-19 v primerjavi s predpandemičnim obdobjem, ter vloga uporabe novih tehnologij
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20419/2024.33.595Ključne besede:
starejši odrasli, osamljenost, duševno zdravje, nove tehnologije, pandemija COVID-19Povzetek
Osamljenost je pomemben družbeni problem, ki vpliva na kakovost življenja starejšega prebivalstva. Prav tako je eden izmed najpomembnejših psiholoških dejavnikov tveganja za samomor, ter eden izmed ključnih konceptov, povezanih s pandemijo COVID-19. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti vpliv preventivnih ukrepov med pandemijo COVID-19 na osamljenost in duševno zdravje pri starejših odraslih ter vlogo uporabe novih tehnologij v tem obdobju. Študija je vključila 221 starejših odraslih starih od 65 do 98 let (M = 71,94; SD = 6,70), od katerih je bilo 55,2% žensk. Od 221 vključenih je 144 udeležencev sodelovalo v zbiranju podatkov pred pandemijo COVID-19 ter ponovno med pandemijo, 77 udeležencev pa je sodelovalo zgolj v zbiranju podatkov med pandemijo COVID-19. Sklop vprašalnikov se je nanašal na področja osamljenosti, psihičnega blagostanja, depresije, anksioznosti in stresa, tveganja za samomor, uporabe pametnih telefonov in uporabe spletnih socialnih omrežij. Rezultati kažejo, da so udeleženci med pandemijo doživljali več čustvene osamljenosti ter splošnega občutka osamljenosti kot pred pandemijo, socialna osamljenost pa se v povprečju ni spremenila. Med pandemijo je bilo pri udeležencih prisotno tudi višje tveganje za samomor kot pred pandemijo. Identificirali smo tudi nekaj razlik v spremembah osamljenosti in kazalnikov duševnega zdravja med pandemijo, v primerjavi z obdobjem pred pandemijo glede na spol, starost, okolje bivanja in velikost gospodinjstva. Glede uporabe novih tehnologij, kot je uporaba pametnega telefona in spletnih socialnih omrežij, raziskava izpostavlja negativne učinke, ki jih lahko ima prekomerna raba tehnologij na občutke osamljenosti in duševno zdravje. Raziskava naslovi vprašanje o načinih uporabe novih tehnologij kot orodij pri preventivi na področju duševnega zdravja in izpostavi potrebo po razvoju specifičnih intervencij za obravnavo osamljenosti.
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Avtorske pravice (c) 2024 Nuša Zadravec Šedivy, Nina Krohne, Marta Capelli, Diego De Leo, Vita Poštuvan
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