Konfliktnost med mladostniki in starši: razvojno psihološki vidiki in sistemski vidik konfliktnosti v družini
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20419/2012.21.367Ključne besede:
konflikti, družinski odnosi, mladostniki, starši, stresPovzetek
Problematika konfliktnosti med mladostnikom in starši je kljub porastu števila raziskav v tujini v Sloveniji še vedno relativno neraziskano področje. Aktualnost konfliktov v družini odraža tudi naraščajoče število agresivnih izražanj družinskih sporov v slovenski družbi, ki s tem dnevno postavlja znanost pred nove strokovne izzive. V članku najprej opredelimo konfliktnost v družini in pojem ločimo od drugih sorodnih pojmov. Prispevek prinaša tudi pomembna teoretična in empirično podprta izhodišča za razumevanje razlogov konfliktnosti v družini, natančneje konfliktnosti med mladostnikom in starši. Kritično predstavljamo razvojno psihološki vidik konfliktov med mladostnikom in starši, kjer soočamo in ocenjujemo štiri danes aktualne možne perspektive razvojno-psihološke razlage konfliktnosti: psihoanalitični vidik, socio-biološki, kognitivno razvojni in socio-relacijski vidik. Nazadnje pa v prispevku osvetlimo konfliktnost med mladostniki in starši kot element spremembe celotnega družinskega sistema skozi prizmo soočanja družine s stresom v skladu s Burr-Kleinovim modelom in omenjen model ovrednotimo na osnovi hipotetično predstavljenega primera delovanja družine.Metrike
Prenosi
Literatura
Adams, R. in Laursen, B. (2007). The correlates of conflict: Dissagreement is not necessarily detrimental. Journal of Family Psychology, 21 (3), 445-458. CrossRef
Allison, B. in Schultz, J. B. (2004). Parent-adolescent conflict in early adolescence. Adolescence, 39, 101-119.
Argyle, M. in Furnham, A. (1982). Sources of satisfaction and conflict in different long-term relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family. 45, 481-493. CrossRef
Bosma, H., Jackson, S. E., Zijsling, D. H. in Zani, B. (1996). Who has the final says? Decisions on adolescence behaviour within the family. Journal of Adolescence, 19, 277-291. CrossRef
Blos, P. (1979). The adolescent passage. Madison, CT, ZDA: International Universities Press.
Brown, B. B., Mounts, N., Lamborn, S. D. in Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting practices and peer group affiliation. Child Development, 64 (2), 467-482. CrossRef
Burr, W. R. in Klein, S. R. (1994). Reexamining family stress: New theory and research. Thousand Oaks, CA, ZDA: Sage Publications.
Cicognani, E. in Zani, B. (2010). Conflict styles and outcomes in families with adolescent children. Social development, 19(2), 427-436. CrossRef
Collins, W. A. (1990). Parent-child relationship in the transition to adolescence: Continuity and change in interaction, affect and cognition. V R. Montemayor, G. Adams in T. Gulotta (ur.), From childhood to adolesscence: A transitional period? (str. 85-106). Beverly Hills, CA, ZDA: Sage.
Collins, W. in Russell, G. (1991). Mother-child and father-child relationships in middle adolescence: A developmental analysis. Developmental Review, 11, 99-136. CrossRef
Deković, M. (1999). Parent-adolescent conflict: Possible determinants and consequences. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 23 (4), 977-1000. CrossRef
Emery, R. E. (1992). Family conflict and their developmental implications: A conceptual analysis of meanings for the structure of relationships. V C. Uhlinger Shantz in W. W. Hartup (ur.), Family conflicts and conflicts in child and adolescent development (str. 270-301). New York, NY, ZDA: Cambridge University Press.
Fletcher, A. C., Steinberg, L. in Williams-Wheeler, M. (2004). Parental influences on adolescent problem behaviour: Revisiting Stattin and Kerr. Child Development, 75, 781-796. CrossRef
Fuligni, A. J. in Eccles, J. S. (1993). Perceived parent-child relationships and early adolescent's orientation toward peers. Developmental Psychology, 29 (4), 622-632. CrossRef
Gehring, T. M., Wentzel, K. R., Feldman, S. S. in Munson, J. (1990). Conflict in families of adolescents: The impact on cohesion and power structures. Journal of Family Psychology, 3 (3), 290-309. CrossRef
Goossens, L. (2006). The many faces of adolescent autonomy: Parent-adolescent conflict, behavioural decision-making, and emotional distancing. V S. Jackson, in L. Goossens (ur.), Handbook of adolescent development (str. 135-153). New York, NY, ZDA: Psychology Press.
Gottman, J. M. (1979). Marital interaction: Experimental investigations. San Diego, CA, ZDA: Academic Press.
Grotevant, H. D. in Cooper, C. R. (1985). Patterns of interaction in family relationships and the development of identity exploration in adolescence. Child Development, 56, 415-428. CrossRef
Hill, J. P. (1985). Family relations in adolescence: Myths, realities and new directions. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 111, 233-248.
Hill, J. P. in Holmbeck, G. N. (1987). Familial adaptation to biological change during adolescence. V R. M. Lerner in T. T. Foch (ur.), Biological-psychosocial interactions in early adolescence: A life span perspective (str. 207-223). Hillsdale, NJ, ZDA: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Holmbeck, G. N. (1996). A model of family relational transformation during the transition to adolescence: Parent–adolescent conflict and adaptation. V J. A. Graber, J. Brook-Gunn in J. C. Peterson (ur.), Transitions through adolescence: Interpersonal domains and context. (str. 167-199). Mahwah, NJ, ZDA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Holmbeck, G. N., Paikoff, R. L. in Brooks-Gunn, J. (1995). Parenting adolescents. V M. Bornstein (ur.), Handbook of parenting: Vol.1: Children and parenting (str. 91-118). Mahwah, NJ, ZDA: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Holmes, T. R., Bond, L. A. in Byrne, C. (2008). Mothers' beliefs about knowledge and mother-adolescent conflict. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 25(4), 561-586. CrossRef
Jaycox, L. H. in Repetti, R. L. (1993). Conflict in families and the psychological adjustment of preadolescent children. Journal of Family Psychology, 7(3), 344-355. CrossRef
Kelly, H. H., Berscheid, E., Christensen, A., Harvey, J. H., Huston,T. L., Levinger, G., McClintock,E., Peplau, L. A. in Peterson, D. R. (1983). Close relationships. San Francisco, CA, ZDA: Freeman.
Košir, K. (2002). Povezanost med subjektivnim življenjskim zadovoljstvom ter odnosi mater do njihovih mladostnikov [Connection between subjective life satisfaction and mothers' relationships to their adolescents]. Psihološka obzorja, 11(1), 97-110.
Laursen, B. in Collins, W. A. (1994). Interpersonal conflict during adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 197-209. CrossRef
Laursen, B. in Hartup, W. W. (1989). The dynamics of preschool children's conflict. Merril-Palmer Quaterly, 35, 281-297.
Montemayor, R. (1986). Family variation in parent adolescence storm and stress. Journal of Adolescent Research, 1, 15-31. CrossRef
Olson, D. H. (1997). Family stress and coping: A multisystem perspective. V S. Dremann. The family on the treshold: Trends and implications of the 21st century (str. 259-282). Mahwah, NJ, ZDA: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Olson, D. H., Lavee, Y. in McCubbin, H. I. (1988). Types of families and family response to stress across the family life cycle. V D. M. Klein in J. Adams (ur.), Social stress and family development (str. 16-43). New York, NY, ZDA: Guilford Press.
Paikoff, R. L. in Brooks-Gunn, J. (1991). Do parent-child relationships change during puberty? Psychological Bulletin, 110, 47-66. CrossRef
Perry, D. G., Perry, L. C. in Kennedy, E. (1992). Conflict and the development of antisocial behavior. V C. U. Shantz in W. W. Hartup, (ur.), Conflict in child and adolescent development (str. 301-329). Cambridge, VB: Cambridge University Press.
Prinz, R. J., Foster, S. L., Kent R. N. in O'Leary, K. D. (1979). Multivarate assesment of conflict in distressed and non-distressedmother-adolescent dyads. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 691-700. CrossRef
Puklek, M. (2001). Razvoj psihološkega osamosvajanja mladostnikov v različnih socialnih kontekstih (Neobjavljena doktorska disertacija) [The development of adolescent psychological individuation in different social contexts (Unpublished doctoral thesis)]. Filozofska fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani, Slovenija.
Puklek Levpušček, M. (2001). Razvoj vedenjske avtonomije mladostnikov v odnosu do staršev in vrstnikov [The development of behavioural individuation of adolescents in relation to parents and peers], Anthropos, 1(3), 63-74.
Selman, R. L. (1980). The growth of interpersonal understanding. New York, NY, ZDA: Academic Press.
Schwarz, J. S., Barton-Henry, M. L. in Pruzinsky, T. (1985). Assessing child-rearing behaviors: A comparison of ratings made by mother, father, child and sibling on CRPBI. Child Development, 56, 462-479. CrossRef
Shantz, C. U. (1987). Conflict between children. Child development, 58, 283-305. CrossRef
Siegel, I. E. in McGilicuddy-DeLisi, A. V. (2002). Parental beliefs are cognitions: The dynamic belief system model. V M. H. Bornstein (ur.), Handbook of parenting: Vol. 3. Being and becoming a parent (2. izd., str. 485-508). Mahwah, NJ, ZDA: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Smetana, J. G. (1989). Adolescents' and parents' reasoning about actual family conflict. Child Development, 60, 1052-1067. CrossRef
Smetana, J. G. (1995). Parenting styles and conceptions of parental authority during adolescence. Child Development, 66, 299-316. CrossRef
Smetana, J. G. (2005). Adolescent-parent conflict: Resistance and succession ad developmental process. V L. Nucci (ur.), Conflict, contradiction, and contrarian elements in moral development and education (str. 69-91). Mahwah, NJ, ZDA: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Smetana, J. G., Crean, H. F. in Campione-Barr, N. (2005). Adolescents' and parents' changing concepts of parental authority. New directions for child and adolescent development, 108, 31-46. CrossRef
Smetana, J. G., Metzger, A. in Campione-Barr, N. (2004). African American adolescents' relationships with parents: Developmental transitions and longitudinal patterns. Child Development, 75, 932-947. CrossRef
Sorkhabi, N. (2010). Sources of parent-adolescent conflict: Content and form of parenting. Social Behavior and Personality, 38(6), 761-782. CrossRef
Steinberg, L. D. (1981). Transformations in family relations at puberty. Developmental Psychology, 17, 833-840. CrossRef
Steinberg, L. D. (1987). Impact of puberty on family relations: Effect of pubertal status and pubertal timing, Developmental Psychology, 23(3), 451-460. CrossRef
Steinberg, L. D. (1988). Reciprocal relations between parent-child distance and pubertal maturation. Developmental Psychology, 24, 122-128. CrossRef
Steinberg, L. D. (1989). Pubertal maturation and parent-adolescent distance: An evolutionary perspective. V G. R. Adams, R. Montemayor in T. P. Gullota (ur.), Biology of adolescent behavior and development (str. 71-97). Newbury Park, CA, ZDA: Sage.
Steinberg, L. D. (1990). Interdependence in the family: Autonomy, conflicts and harmony in the parent-adolescent relationship. V S. S. Feldman in G. R. Eliot (ur.), At the treshold: The developing adolescent (str. 833-840). Cambridge, MA, ZDA: Harvard University Press.
Steinberg, L. in Sheffield Morris, A. (2001). Adolescent development. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 83-110. CrossRef
Ule, M. (1995). Odraščanje v Sloveniji [Growing up in Slovenia]. V M. Ule in V. Miheljak (ur). Pri(e)hodnost mladine [The future of youth] (str. 63-134). Ljubljana: DZS.
Watzlawick, P., Weakland, J. in Fish, R. (1974). Change: Principles of problem formation and problem resolution. New York, NY, ZDA: W.W. Norton.
Younnis, J. in Smollar, J. (1985). Adolescent relations with mothers, fathers and friends. London: University of Chicago Press.
Zupančič, M. in Svetina, M. (1995–2002). Rezultati intervjujev o odnosih med mladostniki in družino [The results of the interviews on relationships between adolescents and family] . Neobjavljeno gradivo na katedri za razvojno psihologijo, Filozofska fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani.
Zupančič, M. in Svetina, M. (2004). Socialni razvoj v mladostništvu [Social development in adolescence]. V L. Marjanovič Umek in M. Zupančič (ur.), Razvojna psihologija [Developmental psychology] (str. 589-612). Ljubljana, SLO: Znanstveno raziskovalni inštitut Filozofske fakultete.
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Številka
Rubrika
Kako citirati
