Ponotranjena neoliberalna ideologija in stališče do beguncev
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20419/2025.34.604Ključne besede:
neoliberalizem, begunci, ponotranjena ideologija, razvoj vprašalnikaPovzetek
Namen članka je opozoriti na neoliberalno ideologijo in preveriti, ali je sklop vrednot, prepričanj in praks, ki jih spodbuja, povezan z negativnim stališčem posameznikov do beguncev. V ta namen sem razvila dva vprašalnika: Lestvico ponotranjene neoliberalne ideologije (INIS) in Lestvico stališča do beguncev (ATRS); njun razvoj je podrobno opisan v članku. Ker neoliberalizem prodira na vsa področja človekovega življenja v razvitem in razvijajočem se svetu, postaja vse bolj ponotranjen - do te mere, da ga sprejemamo kot zdravorazumskega. Zanimalo me je, ali ponotranjenje načel neoliberalizma (npr. zagovarjanje deregulacije in privatizacije), ki spodbujajo povečan interes zase, tekmovanje z drugimi in zasledovanje dobička, zmanjšuje raven empatije in sprejemanja beguncev ter spodbuja strožje ravnanje z begunci, tj. odrekanje zatočišča, ustreznih življenjskih pogojev in socialne varnosti. Vprašalnike je prek spleta izpolnilo 166 udeležencev, starih od 19 do 65 let, približno polovica moških in polovica žensk. Rezultati kažejo, da se negativno stališče do beguncev statistično pomembno povezuje s ponotranjeno neoliberalno ideologijo. Če torej želimo ohraniti in spodbujati sočutje do tistih, ki potrebujejo pomoč, moramo upoštevati tudi vpliv politično-ekonomskih dejavnikov na posameznikova stališča.
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