ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE OF GYMNASTS PARTICIPATING IN THE EUROPEAN GAMES 2015 IN BAKU, AZERBAIJAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.12.2.187-193Keywords:
body weight, gymnastics, athlete, gender-participation, European GamesAbstract
Sports performance is strongly influenced by the athletes’ anthropometric profile. In the specific case of Gymnastics, body weight assumes particular relevance, given the aesthetic character of this sport. Anthropometric data were collected from 309 gymnasts (20.9 ± 4.1 years old) participating in the 2015 European Games: age, body weight and height, from a database of the organization of this competition available online in the 5 disciplines of the Gymnastics included in the competition, namely Men´s and Women´s Artistic Gymnastics, Rhythmic Gymnastics, Acrobatic Gymnastics and Aerobic. Body mass index was calculated. Female gymnasts were significantly younger and lighter than male gymnasts and had a lower body mass index than males (P = 0.000). Female athletes were in the 25th percentile for weight and BMI and in the 15th percentile for height, according to their age. Male gymnasts were in the 25th percentile for weight, height and BMI. Female acrobatic gymnasts were younger and lighter (25th percentile) than other gymnastics disciplines; rhythmic gymnasts presented the lowest BMI (5th percentile). Male artistic gymnasts were the lightest (15th percentile) and with the lowest BMI (25th percentile) within the male participants. BMI was dependent on weight, height and gender, with exception for exclusive-gender disciplines and, surprisingly, also in Aerobics. Gymnasts presented an anthropometric profile with results for body weight, height and body mass index below the normal for their age.
Downloads
References
Arazi, H., Faraji, H. & Mehrtash, M. (2013). Anthropometric and Physiological Profile of Iranian Junior Elite Gymnasts. Physical Education & Sport, 11(1), 35-41.
Baldari, C. & Guidetti, L. (2001). VO2max, ventilatory and anaerobic thresholds in rhythmic gymnasts and young female dancers. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 41, 177-182.
Binder, A.J. (2011). Medical information: weight management, nutrition and energy needs for gymnastics. Féderation Internationale de Gymnastique, 1.
Claessens A.L., Lefevre J, Beunen G.P. & Malina R.M. (2006). Maturity-associated variation in the body size and proportions of elite female gymnasts 14-17 years of age. European Journal of Pediatrics, 165(3):186-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-005-0017-8
Deutz, R. C., Benardot, D., Martin, D. E. & Cody, M. M. (2000). Relationship between energy deficits and body composition in elite female gymnasts and runners. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 32, 659-668.
doi:10.1097/00005768-200003000-00017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200003000-00017
Donti, O., Bogdanis, G.C., Kritikou, M., Donti, A. & Theodorakou, K. (2016). The relative contribution of physical fitness to the technical execution score in youth rhythmic gymnastics. Journal of Human Kinetics, 2(51), 143-152. doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0183 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0183
European Games. (2015). Baku 2015 – 1st European Games. Available at: http://www.baku2015.com/
Frisancho, A. R. (2008). Anthropometric standards: An interactive nutritional reference of body size and body composition for children and adults. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. Retrieved from DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.93311
http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015082696876;view=1up;seq=3
Galetta, F., Franzoni, F., D'Alessandro, C., Piazza, M., Tocchini, L., Fallahi, P., et al. (2015). Body composition and cardiac dimensions in elite rhythmic gymnasts. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 55(9), 946-52.
Georgopoulos, N.A., Theodoropoulou, A., Roupas, N.A., Rottstein, L., Tsekouras, A., Mylonas, P., et al. (2012). Growth velocity and final height in elite female rhythmic and artistic gymnasts. Hormones, 11(1),61-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03401538
Mkaouer, B., Hammoudi-Nassib, S., Amara, S. & Chaabène, H. (2018). Evaluating the physical and basic gymnastics skills assessment for talent identification in men's artistic gymnastics proposed by the International Gymnastics Federation. Biology of Sport, 35(4), 383-392. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2018.78059. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2018.78059
Michopoulou, E., Avloniti, A., Kambas, A., Leontsini, D., Michalopoulou, M., Tournis, S., et al. (2011). Elite premenarcheal rhythmic gymnasts demonstrate energy and dietary intake deficiencies during periods of intense training. Pediatric Exercise Science, 23, 560-572. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.23.4.560
Silva, M.-R.G. & Barata, P. (2016). Athletes and coaches’ gender inequality: the case of the Gymnastics Federation of Portugal. Science of Gymnastics, 8(2), 187-196.
Silva, M.-R. G., & Paiva, T. (2015a). Low energy availability and low body fat of female gymnasts before an international competition. European Journal of Sport Science, 16, 1-9.
doi:101080/174613912014969323
Silva, M.-R.G., & Paiva, T. (2015b). Poor precompetitive sleep habits, nutrients' deficiencies, inappropriate body composition and athletic performance in elite gymnasts. European Journal of Sport Science, 27, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2015.1103316
doi:101080/1746139120151103316
Silva, M.-R.G. & Paiva, T. (2019). Risk factors for precompetitive sleep behavior in elite female athletes. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 4. doi:10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08498-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08498-0
Silva, M.-R.G., Santos-Rocha, R., Barata, P., & Saavedra, F. (2017). Gender inequalities in Portuguese gymnasts between 2012 and 2016. Science of Gymnastics, 9(2), 191-200.
Silva, M.-R.G., Silva, H.-H. & Paiva, T. (2018). Sleep duration, body composition, dietary profile and eating behaviours among children and adolescents: a comparison between Portuguese acrobatic gymnasts. European Journal of Pediatrics, 177(6), 815-825. doi:10.1007/s00431-018-3124-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-018-3124-z
Simons J., Beunen, G.P., Renson, R., Claessens, A.L., Vanreusel, B., & Lefevre, J.A.V. (1990) Growth and fitness of Flemish girls. Human Kinetics, Champaign, Ill.
Taboada-Iglesias, Y., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Á. & Santana, M.V. (2016). Anthropometric profile of elite acrobatic gymnasts and prediction of role performance. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 56(4), 433-42.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
How to Cite
