Multifunctional properties of cotton fabric tailored via green synthesis of TiO2/curcumin composite

Brigita  Tomšič; Maja Blagojevič; Nuša Klančar; Erik Makoter; Klara Močenik; Pirš Nika; Sebastijan Šmid; Marija Veskova; Marija Gorjanc; Mateja Kert; Barbara Simončič

doi:10.14502/tekstilec.68.2024135

Authors

Brigita Tomšič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9456-1604
Maja Blagojevič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4423-6229
Nuša Klančar University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7666-3578
Erik Makoter University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0489-3608
Klara Močenik University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7568-162X
Pirš Nika University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7877-6303
Sebastijan Šmid University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5862-7291
Marija Veskova University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2553-3658
Marija Gorjanc University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-9761
Mateja Kert University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0426-3193
Barbara Simončič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-8829

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14502/tekstilec.68.2024135

Keywords:

multifunctional cotton, titanium dioxide, Curcuma longa, green synthesis

Abstract

In this study, a novel green process was developed to produce a multifunctional cotton (CO) fabric incorporating TiO₂/curcumin composites that simultaneously provides UV protection and photocatalytic performance. For this purpose, TiO₂ was synthesised using the sol–gel process; loaded with the natural colourant curcumin as a visible light absorber at two temperatures, i.e., 70 and 350 °C; and applied to the CO fabric via the pad–dry–cure process. For comparison, TiO₂ was synthesised without curcumin under the same conditions. The synthesis conditions at 70 °C ensured the formation of predominantly amorphous TiO₂, while curcumin promoted TiO₂ crystallisation despite the low synthesis temperature. A 350 °C synthesis temperature was high enough to form the polymorphic TiO₂ anatase phase. Although the increase in synthesis temperature and the presence of curcumin in the composites caused a bathochromic shift in light absorption, the photocatalytic activity of all samples was mainly driven by UV light. Chemically modifying the CO fabric significantly reduced the light transmittance of the samples, with the highest absorption of UV light obtained for the sample containing the TiO₂/curcumin composite synthesised at 70 °C. This sample provided excellent UV protection with a UPF value of 51.6. All chemically modified CO samples showed photocatalytic activity, degrading coffee stains and decolourising methylene blue and Rhodamine B dye solutions. The highest photocatalytic efficiency and recyclability were obtained again for the CO sample with the TiO₂/curcumin composite synthesised at 70 °C, demonstrating the synergistic effect between TiO₂ and curcumin in the composite prepared under these synthesis conditions.

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